Yeon-Ha Kim

Objectives: Participatory action-oriented training (PAOT) programs are pivotal in developing facilitators for workplace environment improvement. However, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted long-standing international training programs, requiring substantial reconstruction. This study examined the reconstruction of an international PAOT facilitator training program in the post-COVID-19 context to clarify the requirements for effective facilitator training and associated learning outcomes. Methods: An action research design consisting of two iterative cycles of action and reflection was employed. Organizers (n=10), participants (n=79), and researchers (n=9) were involved, with partial overlap between organizers and researchers. Data sources included participants' written reports from the second training, reflection meetings, steering committee documents, and supplementary training materials. Data were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive analytic approach with triangulation across sources. Reflections on the first post-pandemic training informed the redesign and implementation of the second training. Results: Key challenges identified after the first training included limited participant interaction, insufficient experiential learning in the introductory phase, and weakened international training networks. These reflections led to the reconstruction of a participatory, experience-based PAOT model grounded in iterative action research cycles. Participants in the revised program reported enhanced experiential learning, a clearer understanding of facilitation roles, broadened occupational health perspectives, and strengthened international and intergenerational learning networks. Conclusions: Systematic reflection and experiential redesign can effectively reconstruct facilitator training in disrupted contexts. The findings clarify key requirements for effective facilitator development and demonstrate the value of action research in developing context-responsive training programs.

This study aims to explore trauma-informed care (TIC) education for undergraduate nursing students through a scoping review. A scoping review was conducted on studies published between January 1, 2000 and August 10, 2025 based on the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute. A total of 126 studies were retrieved from both domestic and international databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, KISS, RISS, and DBpia), of which 9 studies were ultimately included in the analysis. Among the studies analyzed, most were undertaken in the United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom, with no relevant studies identified in South Korea. TIC education was delivered through regular theory-based courses (6 studies, 70.0%), simulation-based learning (3 studies, 30.0%), clinical practicums (1 study, 10.0%), and workshops (1 study, 10.0%). Teaching methods included lectures, narratives, case-based learning, simulations, team-based learning, brainstorming, and debriefing. The mapping review revealed that undergraduate nursing students was provided theory-based lecture, case-based learning, simulation-based learning, and experiential-learning approaches collectively delivered the core principles of TIC; safety and trust, collaboration, empowerment, cultural and gender sensitivity, and communication competence. Future studies should develop a TIC education program for nursing students and evaluate its effectiveness by assessing changes in TIC competency after implementation.

The potential for life-threatening allergic reactions in elementary schoolchildren has emerged as a major problem. There are, however, concerns about whether school nurses have the necessary competencies to respond to such emergency situations. This study developed simulation-based anaphylaxis training (SBAT) and online-based anaphylaxis training (OBAT) programs and compared their efficacy for improving elementary school nurses’ competencies in emergencies involving life-threatening anaphylactic events. This is a quasi-experimental study. The sample comprised 40 and 47 elementary school nurses placed in the SBAT and OBAT groups, respectively. The effects of the intervention were analyzed using independent t-tests, Mann–Whitney U tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) The pre-post differences were significantly higher in the SBAT group compared to the OBAT group in terms of knowledge (1.97 ± 1.21 vs. 0.87 ± 1.37; p < 0.001), self-efficacy (7.50 ± 6.37 vs. 3.42 ± 4.47, p = 0.005), perceived performance competency in emergency care (4.11 ± 3.73 vs. − 0.76 ± 3.40; p < 0.001), and critical thinking (7.02 ± 10.36 vs. 2.40 ± 8.03, p = 0.031). A within-group comparison of the SBAT group showed that all outcome measures significantly improved (p < 0.001). However, in the OBAT group, only knowledge (p < 0.001) and self-efficacy (p < 0.001) significantly improved from the pretest. Compared with OBAT, the SBAT program was more suitable for enhancing the perceived performance competency and critical thinking of elementary school nurses in emergency anaphylactic care. Therefore, school nursing trainers are advised to incorporate SBAT into continuing education programs for school nurses.

This study investigated the association of job stress, quality of sleep, and near-miss error experiences among nurses working in general hospitals. A convenience sample of 195 nurses with over 3 months of work experience in a general hospital participated in the study. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 27.0. Factors influencing experiences of near-miss errors were examined through univariable and multivariate logistic regression. In total, 58.5% of nurses in a general hospital had experienced near-miss errors. Nurses in the upper job stress tertile (≥118) were 2.24 times more likely to encounter near-miss errors (95% CI: 1.07–4.69) and particularly 2.58 times (95% CI: 1.26–5.26) in falls and medical equipment-related near-miss errors. Nurses working more than 3 h of overtime per week had a 2.72 times higher (95% CI: 1.35–5.48) likelihood of experiencing near-miss errors related to falls and medical equipment and 4.03 times higher (95% CI: 1.92–8.45) likelihood of experiencing near-miss errors associated with examination procedures. To prevent near-miss errors among nurses in general hospitals, effective management of organizational job stress is crucial. Particularly for departments with a high level of overtime work (more than 3 h/week), it is essential to provide and manage educational programs on patient safety.

This study aimed to evaluate standardized job competencies of elementary school nurses in managing the health of students at risk for anaphylaxis (SRAs). A total of 166 elementary school nurses from across Korea participated in this study. The tool utilized was a list of standardized job tasks of elementary school nurses in managing SRAs’ health. Seven factors were obtained from the factor analysis, with a cumulative variance explained of 68.6%. The importance–performance analysis method was employed to suggest priority areas for training. The factors placed in quadrant II included: (1) “offering psychological support”, among elementary school nurses who have been provided with clinical information on anaphylaxis, (2) “providing emergency care”, among those who have not been provided with clinical information on anaphylaxis, (3) the factors “utilizing individualized healthcare plans”, “conducting health education and staff training”, and “evaluating the student”, among those who agreed that schools need legal protection to purchase epinephrine auto-injectors, and (4) the factor “preparing a school emergency system”, among those with less than five years of experience as a school nurse. When planning continuing education strategies to improve elementary school nurses’ management of SRAs, factors such as career experience, access to clinical information, and beliefs regarding legal protection for schools to purchase epinephrine auto-injectors should be considered.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a participatory approach to the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular (CCV) health of older farmers in rural Korea. Methods: A nonequivalent control group pretest–posttest design was used. Participants included 58 farmers aged ≥ 60 years who were assigned to either an experimental group (n = 28) or a comparative group (n = 30). The experimental group took part in the participatory program for CCV health, while the comparative group received a conventional lecture program for CCV health. The two groups, from pretest to posttest, were compared using the generalized estimating equation (GEE) method. Results: The participatory program showed a greater effect over time than the conventional lecture program for health empowerment (Χ² = 7.92, p = 0.005) and self-efficacy in managing CCV health (Χ² = 5.94, p = 0.015). The average rate of implemented improvements after 3 months was 88.9%, showing that the participatory program was successful. Conclusions: The participatory program for CCV health was an effective intervention for the empowerment and self-efficacy of older farmers in managing their own CCV health. Therefore, we recommend replacing lectures with participatory methods in CCV health programs for older farmers.

(1) Background: This study explored the effects of a worksite-based self-management program on metabolic parameters in traditional retail market workers during a 3-year period. (2) Methods: Seventy traditional retail market workers who completed 3 years of follow-up were included in this study. The worksite-based self-management program was developed to help traditional retail market workers manage metabolic parameters themselves based on the following content: (I) using a metabolic syndrome action checklist, (II) counseling, (III) creating improvement action plans, and (IV) evaluating implemented improvements. (3) Results: The rates of implemented improvements showed success. Fasting blood sugar and triglycerides showed yearly reductions from baseline for 3 years, which eventually led to a decreased metabolic syndrome score and maintenance of metabolic parameters in the normal range for 3 years. (4) Conclusions: A worksite-based self-management program on metabolic parameters in traditional retail market workers was effective. It improved their intention to self-assess and cope their health problems and eventually decreased their metabolic syndrome score. It should be considered for the primary prevention of metabolic syndrome among traditional retail market workers.

본 연구는 무릎 골관절염 노인의 기능수행과 관련된 생리적 변수들을 도출하여 영향요인 간 관계를 종합적으로 규명하기 위한 구조모형을 구축하고, 모형의 적합도와 모형에서 제시된 가설적 인과관계를 검증하는 연구이다. 본 연구의 외생변수는 무릎 골관절염 중증도, 연령과 비만이고, 매개 내생변수는 무릎 골관절염 증상과 신체활동능력이며 최종 내생변수는 기능수행이다. 연구대상자는 D시 3차 의료기관과 관절전문병원정형외과 외래로 내원하는 60세 이상 무릎 골관절염 노인 중 연구 참여에 동의한 315명이었다. 자료분석은 SPSS 프로그램 19.0을 이용하여 대상자의 특성 및 연구변수에 대한 서술적 통계, 신뢰도, 상관관계분석 및 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하였고, AMOS 19.0 프로그램을 이용하여 확인적 요인분석과 가설적 모형의 적합도 및 가설을 검정하였다. 최종 모형의 적합도를 검정한 결과 χ²=139.373(p<.001), df=46, GFI=.929, AGFI=.879, RMSEA=.080, NFI=.854, IFI=.897, CFI=.895, AIC=203.373으로 나타나 모형을 수용하기에 적합하였다. 무릎 골관절염 노인의 기능수행에 직접적으로 영향을 미치는 요인은 무릎 골관절염 증상과 신체활동능력이었고, 무릎 골관절염 중증도는 간접 경로를 통해 기능수행에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 무릎골관절염 노인의 기능수행은 무릎 골관절염 증상, 신체활동능력과 연령에 의해 68.2% 설명되었다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 무릎 골관절염 노인의 기능수행을 평가하기 위해서는 기능수행에 큰 영향을 미치는 무릎 골관절염 증상과 신체활동능력을 우선적으로 사정하는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구를 통해 무릎 골관절염 노인의 기능수행과 관련된 생리적 요인의 중요성을 확인하였고 무릎 골관절염 노인의 기능수행을 증진시키기 위한 무릎 골관절염 증상 관리와 신체활동능력 증진을 위한 간호중재에 활용될 것이다.

Journal of Animal Science and Technology (JAST) is a peer-reviewed, open access journal publishing original research, review articles and notes in all fields of animal science. Topics covered by the journal include: genetics and breeding, physiology, nutrition of monogastric animals, nutrition of ruminants, animal products (milk, meat, eggs and their by-products) and their processing, grasslands and roughages, livestock environment, animal biotechnology, animal behavior and welfare.