José Miguel Francisco da Silva Souza

Frente à pandemia de Covid-19 no Brasil e às medidas sanitárias de isolamento social para diminuição da transmissibilidade do vírus, este artigo visa comparar os percentuais de perícias traumatológicas, sexológicas e necroscópicas realizadas entre os anos de 2018 e 2019 e os anos de 2021 e 2022. A pesquisa foi realizada no Instituto de Medicina Legal de Petrolina/PE, com consulta aos laudos periciais daquele IML, confeccionados no Sistema de Gestão de Laudos (GDL) das Perícias Médico-Legais do estado dePernambuco. Os resultados apontam para diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre o número de necropsias e de exames em pessoas vivas, tendo este último decréscimo significativo no biênio pandêmico. Destaca-se, ainda, o aumento de necropsias em pessoas vítimas de homicídio do sexo feminino, bem como do número vítimas de acidentes de trânsito. Conclui-se que, em comparativo ao período anterior, as medidas restritivas na pandemia podem ter impactado na demanda dos serviços pelo IML.

INTRODUCTION: Sexual violence is any action in which an individual in a power situation forces another to engage in sexual practice against their will. The Institute of Forensic Medicine (IML) located in Afogados da Ingazeira, Pernambuco, Brazil, was established to perform sexological medical examinations. The objective of this study was to analyse medical forensic reports from victims of sexual violence admitted at the IML in 2018. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a descriptive study, comprising all sexological expert reports from the GDL System of the Regional Unit of the Scientific Police of Afogados da Ingazeira between its foundation in July 2018 and Dec. 31st 2018. RESULTS: From the 17 medical records analyzed, it was established that the average age of the victims was 13 years, most of them female (94%). In two cases (11,76%), the aggressor was unknown, in the other cases, most were from the same family environment as the victm. Thirteen victims considered themselves brown and four claimed to be white. Nine cases occurred in the urban area and eight in the rural area. Approximately 12% of victims reported alcohol consumption before the abuse. As for the characterization of sexual abuse, 35% corresponded to the carnal conjunction. DISCUSSION: In this scenario of a small number of cases, there was a predominance of 88,2% of aggressions perpetrated by the victim’s relatives and acquaintances, which is higher than the rate found in another study carried out in the State of Santa Catarina where there is a predominance of 50,9% of cases of sexual aggression arising from family members and acquaintances. CONCLUSION: Victims of sexual violence are on average young women who declare themselves to be brown, and having a friend or family member as perpetrator.

Heterotopic ossification can be defined as the formation of bone in tissues that have no ossification properties, such as in muscles and connective tissue of a periarticular region, without invasion of the joint capsule. This pathology usually has a benign course, but it can cause a reduction in the range of joint movement and hamper the rehabilitation process. Its etiology is still unknown and it usually is originated from posttraumatic complications, affecting 10–20% of patients with traumatic brain injury. Among its clinical manifestations, it may present pain and limitation of joint movement, heat, edema, and local flushing. In some cases, it can present moderate fever, severe spasticity, and even ankylosis in more advanced stages of the disease. Treatment is based on resection of the ossification, with adjuvant measures such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, bisphosphonate, radiotherapy, and physical therapy. None of these methods currently have a precise recommendation regarding dose, quantity, or well-established protocols. Still, the best treatment is prevention. The objective of this report is to describe a case of heterotopic ossification in the hip after traumatic brain injury, presenting the clinical manifestations and discussing the treatment instituted with a long leg plaster cast.