Maratun Nafiah

Currently, environmental degradation has become a global issue that needs to address frequently and also needs the attention of recent studies and regulators. Therefore, the present research examines the impact of energy consumption such as fossil fuel energy use, electric power use, and energy import along with economic growth on the ecological environment of ASEAN countries. The current study has gathered secondary data from world development indicators (WDI) from 1989 to 2019. The authors also used the pooled mean group (PMG) panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model and (FEM) to explore the association among the constructs. The findings revealed that fossil fuel energy use, electric power use, energy import, and economic growth have a positive association with carbon (CO2) emission and affect the ecological environment of ASEAN countries. This article guides the policymakers while formulating regulations regarding energy use and the ecological environment.

Almost all sectors of life have felt the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Education is one of the sectors that feel the effect. Schools conduct distance learning to minimize the spread of the COVID-19 virus. As a result, many students experience various emotions, one of which is boredom. This study analyzes learning boredom between male and female elementary school students in Jakarta, Indonesia, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research method used is descriptive quantitative with data in the form of a closed questionnaire where respondents are given five alternative answers. Furthermore, it is investigated whether there is a difference in boredom between men and women. This research was conducted with 23 male students and 20 female students in elementary school. The results showed boredom in male and female students caused by psychological factors, situational factors, and cultural factors. There are differences in learning boredom between male and female students, but not statistically significant.   Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic; distance learning; boredom learning; elementary school.

The Covid-19 pandemic has hit Indonesia for about a year, and many activities have shifted online. No exception in the field of education. Learning is done online or in distance learning. The existence of distance learning does not rule out the possibility of bringing a change, including student discipline. This study has a purpose, namely to determine the field of elementary school students during distance learning. Descriptive quantitative is used as a method in conducting this research. Respondents in this study were 41 students at the State Elementary School 02 Pagelaran, Pemalang, Central Java. Filling out the questionnaire was used as a way to collect data. The results showed that at the time of distance learning, students' discipline was included in the moderate category with 46%, and the results could not be generalized to all elementary school levels in Indonesia.