Tris Eryando

Hotspots Penyebaran Diare Berbasis Analisis Autokorelasi Spasial di Kabupaten Bogor

Latar belakang: Pneumonia masih menjadi penyebab utama mortalitas dan morbiditas pada anak. Adapun Provinsi Jawa Timur di tahun 2021 merupakan provinsi dengan penyakit pneumonia balita paling banyak di Indonesia yakni sebanyak 74.071 kasus. Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memperoleh pengetahuan mengenai penyebaran pneumonia balita di provinsi Jawa Timur tahun 2022 serta menentukan wilayah prioritas penanganan penyakit pneumonia pada balita di provinsi Jawa Timur. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan desain ekologi menggunakan aplikasi Quantum GIS (QGIS) versi 3.22. Hasil: Hasil pemetaan kasus pneumonia balita di Jawa Timur tahun 2022, terdapat dua wilayah dengan kategori jumlah kasus pneumonia balita kategori tinggi yakni Kota Surabaya dan Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Dengan case fatality rate (CFR) tertinggi pada wilayah Kabupaten Pacitan sebesar 0,9%. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan pengolahan data melalui klasifikasi dan skoring menunjukkan bahwa wilayah prioritas 1 terdiri dari Kabupaten Bangkalan, Kabupaten Sampang, Kabupaten Probolinggo, Kota Surabaya, dan Kabupaten Malang.

Hands have a role in the transmission of pathogen of microbes such as virus, fungi, and bacteria. The transmission is often through the contact between hands and mouth. When money touches with sundries, there is a possibility of transfer of microorganisms from hands to money and vice versa, then the dirty money will be held by someone else. Contamination of money is vital for public health problems because it can be a source of easy transmission of pathogens between handlers. Literacy related to how important is the Escherichia coli transmission through currencies is needed and also the way to measure its contamination. This paper describes the possibilities the existence of E. coli found on the surface of two types of currencies for instance papers and coins, and the steps to measure the contamination are also given in the Methods section.

While the national prevalence of stunting in Indonesia has decreased, the level remains high in many districts/cities and there is significant variation. This ecological study employed aggregated data from the Basic Health Research Report and the District/City Poverty Data from 2018. We investigated the determinants of stunting prevalence at the district/city level, including autocorrelation applying the spatial autoregressive (SAR) model. The analyses revealed stunting prevalence above the national average in 282 districts/cities (54.9%), i.e. ≥30% in 297 districts/cities (57.8%) and ≥40% in 91 districts/cities (17.7%). Autocorrelation was found between Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi as well as Bali, East Nusa Tenggara and West Nusa Tenggara (Bali NTT NTB). The SAR modelling revealed the following variables with significant impact on the stunting prevalence in various parts of the country: closet defecation, hand washing, at least four antenatal care visits during pregnancy, poverty, immunisation and supplementary food for children under 5 years.