Ali Hasanpour Dehkordi

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of isotonic exercises on the quality of life of stroke patients in Shahrekord, Iran, in 2023. Methods: A semi-experimental design was employed, involving 30 stroke patients assigned to control and case groups through simple random sampling. The case group underwent isotonic exercise training three times a week for 8 weeks, while the control group received no intervention. Quality of life was measured using the SF-36 questionnaire before and after the intervention, and data were analysed using SPSS software. Results: Demographic variables were homogeneous across both groups, with no significant differences (p > 0.05). The case group showed significant improvement in physical performance (p = 0.001). The control group showed significant differences in role limitations due to physical health (p = 0.031) and emotional problems (p = 0.016). Pain subscale improvements were noted in both groups, with significant differences in the case group (p = 0.012) and the control group (p = 0.002). Conclusions: Isotonic exercises positively affected multiple dimensions of quality of life, indicating their potential to enhance the overall well-being of stroke patients.

Background and Aim: Hemodialysis is a stressful treatment for chronic kidney failure, often leading to psychological issues like anxiety and depression. Sense of coherence and psychological well-being are vital for coping with these stresses. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of therapeutic communication based on Peplau’s model on these parameters in hemodialysis patients. Methods: This semi-experimental study involved patients with chronic kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis at Hajar Hospital in Shahrekord. Participants were randomly assigned to intervention (Peplau-based communication therapy) and control (routine care) groups. The intervention was delivered over 7–8 individual sessions. Data were collected using Antonovsky’s Sense of Coherence Scale and Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire, and analyzed with SPSS 28. Results: There were no significant demographic differences between groups. In the intervention group, sense of coherence and psychological well-being scores significantly improved immediately and two months post-intervention ( P < 0.001). No significant changes were observed in the control group. Clinical trial number: IRCT20251011067591N1. Conclusion: Therapeutic communication based on Peplau’s model significantly enhanced psychological well-being and sense of coherence in hemodialysis patients. It is a practical and effective intervention to support mental health in this population.

Introduction: The C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) is a marker of inflammation that has been found to be more informative in assessing inflammation conditions in cardiovascular patients than the C-reactive protein (CRP) or albumin (ALB) levels only. Since inflammation has been identified as a factor causing contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), this research seeks to establish the correlation between the CAR and the risk of CIN. Materials and Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the PRISMA protocol. The Cochrane, PubMed, ProQuest, and Web of Science databases, as well as the Google Scholar search engine, were searched with no time limit up to August 8, 2024. Data were analyzed using STATA 14 software at a significance level of P < 0.05 for all tests. Results: The findings of five reviewed studies with a total number of 1,442 participants showed a statistically significant positive correlation between CAR (OR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.41, 3.14) and CRP (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.20), with an increase in the risk of CIN. However, no statistically significant associations were found between the patient age (OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.96, 1.09), albumin level (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.14, 2.90), hypertension (OR: 2.12, 95% CI: 0.86, 5.21), and diabetes mellitus (OR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.28, 2.29) variables and the risk of CIN. Conclusion: Elevated CAR and CRP are CIN risk factors that can be evaluated to provide a good prognosis of this condition. Nevertheless, albumin levels were not significantly related to the development of CIN. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (ID: CRD42024580053) and Research Registry (UIN: reviewregistry1874) websites.

Background and aims: Cerebrovascular accidents, commonly known as stroke, are among the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. As the second most consumed beverage globally, tea has attracted research interest regarding its potential role in stroke risk. Hence, this research sought to investigate the relationship between consumption of different types of tea and the risk of stroke. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in the Web of Science, Embase, ProQuest, Scopus, Cochrane, PubMed, Google Scholar databse, up to June 9, 2024. Data were analyzed using STATA 14, and statistical significance was set at P<0.05 for all tests. Results: Analysis of 29 studies showed that tea consumption was associated with a 13% decreased risk of stroke. Specifically, drinking oolong tea (OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.25, 0.85), green tea (OR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.70, 0.82), and black tea (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86, 0.98) significantly lowered stroke risk. Tea consumption also lowered the risk of ischemic stroke by 19%, intracerebral hemorrhage by 17%, cerebral hemorrhage by 15%, cerebral infarction by 7%, and mortality risk by 20%. Additionally, tea consumption exerted a protective effect in in men, lowering stroke risk by 14%. Conclusion: Tea consumption was inversely associated with the risk of stroke. The likelihood of stroke decreased as the daily number of tea cups consumed increased. Among the different types, oolong tea had a greater effect against stroke compared to green and black teas.

Introduction: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is among the most critical complications of patients with coronary artery disease. Since diabetes patients are at higher risk of cardiovascular diseases and SGLT2 inhibitors are common anti-diabetic pharmaceutical agents, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between SGLT2 inhibitors administration and CI-AKI risk using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach. Materials and Methods: Databases including Cochrane, Web of Science, PubMed, ProQuest, and Google Scholar Search Engine were conducted to search the references published till April 6, 2024. The data was analyzed using the STATA 14 software, and tests with P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant (P < 0.05). Results: Results obtained from a total sample size of 2648 patients indicated that SGLT2i (sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors) reduced the risk of CI-AKI in general, in case-control studies, and cohort studies by 52% (OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.29, 0.77), 48% (OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.30, 0.92), and 64% (OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.18, 0.73), respectively. Nevertheless, administration of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients aged 60 to 69 (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.65) and 70 to 79 (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.22, 0.65) reduced the risk of CI-AKI. Regarding the geographical location, SGLT2 inhibitors lowered the risk of CI-AKI in Italy (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.22, 0.65) and China (OR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.20, 0.69). In Turkey, however, no statistically significant relationship was reported between the administration of SGLT2 inhibitors and the risk of CI-AKI (OR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.36, 1.34). Conclusion: SLGT2 inhibitors can reduce the number of CI-AKI cases by half. The patient’s age had no significant effect on the relationship between the administration of SGLT2 inhibitors and the risk of CI-AKI. Nonetheless, further investigation on this subject is necessary. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (ID: CRD42024537291) and Research Registry (UIN: reviewregistry1822) website.

Background and aims: Cancer has significant effects on the lives of cancer patients and their families, so effective communication skills are an integral part of the process of caring. This study aims to investigate the effect of Peplau’s Therapeutic communication model on body image and pain among cancer patients. Methods: The present research is a quasi-experimental study conducted with the attendance of 64 cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy in Shahrekord Parsian Hospital in 2020-2021. First, the research units were selected purposefully and then randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. In the intervention group, Peplau’s nursing model was done in four stages individually. Data collection tools were a demographic survey questionnaire, McGill Pain Questionnaire, and Body Image Questionnaire (MBSRQ). The mean scores before, immediately after, and three months after were compared using SPPS version 24 software. Results: Before interfering, the results of the study indicated the standard deviation±mean of body image scores in control and intervention groups were respectively 204.81±2.79, 206 (217-75.187)+that were not significantly different from each other (P≥0.568). Whereas these scores immediately and three months after had statistically significant differences from each other (P<0.01). The results also indicated that the Standard deviation±mean of pain scores in control and intervention groups were 59.56±0.793 and 58.25±0.627 were not significantly different (P≥0.248). However, these scores immediately and three months after had statistically significant differences from each other (P<0.01). Conclusion: The findings of this research showed that implementing Peplau’s theory can improve body image and decrease pain in patients. Due to this program’s effectiveness, low cost, and safety, it is recommended for consideration in the nursing care program

Background: Useful communication between patients and nurses and improvement of the quality of care occur following partnership care, resulting in an improvement in the general condition of patients. Objectives: Regarding the cancer patients’ need for education and the important role of nurses in education and care, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of nursing interventions based on the partnership care model on the life expectancy of cancer patients in teaching hospitals of Shahrekord. Methods: The present quasi-experimental study was conducted on 60 cancer patients in Shahrekord educational hospitals in 2021. The subjects of this study were first selected according to inclusion criteria and then randomly divided into the intervention and control groups by random allocation software. The educational intervention based on the partnership care model was carried out in four individual stages, including the creation of motivation, preparation, involvement, and evaluation. The researcher used demographic information questionnaires and Schneider’s Life Expectancy Questionnaire as data collection instruments. Using SPSS 24 software and independent t-test, chi-square test, and analysis of variance, the mean scores before, 48 hours after intervention, and two months after intervention were compared. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of mean life expectancy scores before the intervention (P > 0.82), but the scores immediately and two months after the intervention showed a statistically significant difference between the control and intervention groups (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Implementing the educational intervention based on the partnership care model can increase the life expectancy of cancer patients. Due to this program’s effectiveness, low cost, and safety, hospital managers are recommended to use this program to promote health and enhance the patient’s knowledge.

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is considered as one of the most important causes of fever and hospitalization in children. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the prevalence of UTIs in children through meta-analysis. Methods: This meta-analysis study was conducted on individuals aged >18 years. In order to retrieve the studied, the following domestic and foreign databases were searched: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane. The obtained data were analyzed in STATA version 14 at the significance level of P<0.05. Results: In 36 studies with 78212 samples published between 2000 and 2021, the prevalence of UTIs in children was reported at 15% (95% CI: 13%, 17%). It was 16% in girls (95% CI: 12%, 19%) and 10% in boys (95% CI: 7%, 13%). The most common cause of UTI in children was Escherichia coli with 58% (95% CI: 46%, 69%). The least common prevalence was reported in the UK with 6% (95% CI: 5%, 6%) and the USA with 6% (95% CI: 5%, 8%) and the highest prevalence was reported in Iraq with 43% (95% CI 39%, 48%). Conclusion: Approximately one out of 10 people suffers UTI and this rate is increasing over time and the prevalence of UTIs in girls is about 1.5 times higher than that in boys. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (ID: CRD42021290886, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/ prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021290886).