Rümeysa Özçalkap İçöz

Background: NOVA is a food classification system that classifies foods according to the scope and purpose of food processing, rather than nutrients. Asthma is usually characterized by chronic inflammation and respiratory symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, cough, and variable expiratory airflow limitation. According to the NOVA food classification system, consumption of ultraprocessed foods (UPF) can affect asthma symptoms. Aim: In this study, the relationship between UPF consumption and pulmonary function test (PFT) results of asthma patients in adults aged 18 to 65 was investigated using biochemical parameters. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study and, was conducted with 339 asthmatic participants diagnosed with asthma and receiving medical treatment. The participants' consumption of UPF was determined using a food frequency questionnaire. The evaluation of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV ₁ ) (L/s) and forced vital capacity (FVC) (L/s) in the respiratory function tests was based on the percentage of the measured and expected values. Results: Although no significant relationship was found between % FEV ₁ expected value and UPF consumption ( P > 0.05), it was concluded that % FVC expected and % FEV ₁ /FVC values decreased with increasing UPF consumption ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: It has been concluded that consumption of UPF worsens respiratory function and asthma prognosis. Therefore, replacing UPF and beverage products with healthier foods or food processing methods will play an important role in maintaining health.

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, üniversite öğrencilerinin besin alımlarının hedonik açlıkla olan ilişkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kesitsel, tanımlayıcı tipte olan bu çalışma Şubat- Mayıs 2022 tarihleri arasında bir vakıf üniversitesinin sağlık bilimleri fakültesinde öğrenim gören gönüllü katılımcılar ile yürütülmüştür. Örneklem büyüklüğü G*Power 3.1.9.7 programı ile etki büyüklüğü 0,25 hata oranı 0,05 ve yüzde 95 güçle 197 kişi olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın örneklemini çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 199 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Katılımcıların demografik bilgileri ve beslenme alışkanlıkları genel bilgi formu ile hedonik açlık durumu ise besin gücü ölçeği (BGÖ) ile çevrimiçi olarak sorgulanmıştır. Beslenme alışkanlıkları BGÖ puanı ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Erkek cinsiyette kadın cinsiyetine göre BGÖ puanı daha yüksek bulunmuştur. (p

α-1-proteinaz inhibitörü (PI) olarak da bilinen α-1 antitripsin (AAT), dolaşımdaki en bol serin proteaz inhibitörüdür (serpin) ve serpin süper ailesinin prototipik üyesidir. AAT, tripsin yerine birincil olarak nötrofil elastazını (NE) inhibe eder. AAT kodlayan gen üzerinde de meydana gelen mutasyonlar sonucunda AAT eksikliği (AATD) meydana gelmektedir. AATD'li hastalar amfizem, Kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı (KOAH), karaciğer yetmezliği ve daha az yaygın olarak sistemik anti-nötrofil sitoplazmik antikor (ANCA)-pozitif vaskülit ve nekrotizan pannikülite karşı hassastır. Tek nükleotid polimorfizmleri (TNP'ler), DNA metilasyonu, değiştirilmiş mikroRNA (miRNA) ekspresyonu ve SERPINA1 geni mRNA izoformları dahil olmak üzere çok sayıda epigenetik faktörün AATD'nin klinik görünümü üzerinde bilinen veya olası doğrudan etkileri vardır. Beslenme şekli epigenetik mekanizmaları etkilemektedir. Dolayısıyla AATD’ye bağlı gelişen solunum yolu ve karaciğer hastalıklarının progrozunu beslenme stratejileriyle değiştirmek mümkün olabilir.

Objective: This study was conducted to examine the relationship between intuitive eating behaviour, body mass index (BMI), and waist-hip circumference among university students. Methods: This study was conducted on 146 students studying at the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics of a foundation university on the European side of Istanbul in the 2020-2021 academic year. Socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and intuitive eating habits of the students were taken through an online questionnaire. Intuitive Eating Scale-2 (IES-2) was used to determine students’ intuitive eating behaviour. Results: 146 students with a mean age of 20.64±1.69 participated in the study. 62.3% of the students were female and 37.7% were male. Intuitive eating scale total score mean ± standard deviation values ​​were found to be 3.40±0.55. BMI mean ± standard deviation values were found to be 21.89 ± 3.94 kg / m2 while waist circumference mean ± standard deviation values were 69.78±9.32 cm. eating due to physical rather than emotional causes sub-dimension has a positive and significant correlation with the eating sub-dimension related to hunger and fullness signals, body-food choice congruity, and intuitive eating scale-total score. There is a significant and positive relationship between the eating sub-dimension related to hunger and fullness signals and the body-food choice congruity sub-dimension and the total score of the intuitive eating scale. A significant and positive correlation was found between the body-food choice congruity sub-dimension and the total score of the intuitive eating scale. Comparing the intuitive eating scale total scores and sub-dimensions according to BMI groups, there is a significant difference in the mean score of the body-food choice congruity sub-dimension according to the BMI classification. Conclusion: As intuitive eating increases in university students, the body mass index decreases.

Objective: Surgical weight loss is seen as an option for individuals with obesity. In this case study, it was aimed to evaluate the nutritional status of a vegan obese patient before and after bariatric surgery. Methods: A 26-year-old vegan obese male patient underwent sleeve gastrectomy in May 2016. He was followed up for one month preoperatively and two years postoperatively. The number of individuals adopting vegetarian/vegan lifestyle for various reasons has been increasing recently. To prevent nutrient deficiency after bariatric surgery, lifelong vitamin-mineral supplements and vitamin-minerals-rich food consumption are recommended. Results: A 26-year-old vegan obese male patient body mass index was 38.6kg/m2 and the postoperative 2nd year body mass index was 24.1kg/m2. Preoperative muscle mass was 76.2 kg, postoperative 2nd year 63 kg, preoperative body fat mass was 47.9 kg, postoperative 2nd year 9.2 kg. Conclusion: In this vegan case, preoperative and postoperative medical nutrition treatments were planned considering the type of surgery specific to the individual. Medical nutrition treatment is an important part of the multidisciplinary bariatric surgery process.

Aim: This study was conducted to determine nutritional changes in the working environment of resident physicians before and during the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: Resident physicians working at Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşçıoğlu City Hospital and who agreed to participate were included in the study. Data were collected using an online questionnaire method developed by the researchers for determining demographic characteristics and nutritional changes in the study participants. Results were analyzed with the SPSS statistical program. Results: The COVID-19 outbreak affected the nutritional status of 82.2% of the resident physicians. The rate of physicians trying to eat a healthy diet during the pandemic was 79.1%. However, the number of physicians who increased their consumption of fruits and vegetables during the epidemic was 58.2%. During the pandemic, water consumption of the resident physicians was evaluated, and a 51.1% decrease in water consumption was found. While 78.3% of the physicians slept 6–8 hours per night before the pandemic, this rate decreased to 56.6% during the pandemic while the number of physicians who slept for 1 to 5 hours increased to 38% during the Covid-19 outbreak. A significant relationship between sleep duration before and during the pandemic was found (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The Covid-19 outbreak has greatly and continues to affect the living standards of resident physicians. During the study period, it was observed that the diet and sleep patterns of resident physicians who worked in an intense environment had been disrupted.