Haci Bayram Yilmaz

Aim: This research aimed to determine the relationship between pregnant women's oral glucose screening test preferences and their health literacy and perinatal anxiety levels. Material and Method: The study is descriptive and cross-sectional. The sample of the study consisted of 120 pregnant women who applied to a university hospital between June and July 2022, were accepted to participate in the study, had no Turkish speaking problems, no pregestational diabetes diagnosis, no vision and hearing problems, no mental health problems, and were literate. The data were collected using face-to-face interviews with pregnant women including a questionnaire asking about the introductory characteristics of pregnant women, Turkish Health Literacy Scale-32 (TSOY-32), and Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS). The obtained data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and chi-square tests. Results: 52.5% of pregnant women believed that they do not need to have an OGT. While the effect of health personnel in this decisions is 66.1%, the effect of the closed environment is 22.9%. A statistically significant negative correlation at p<.05 level was found between the Turkish health literacy scale and the Perinatal anxiety screening scale scores. Participants' believes on the necessity of OGTT test has no effect on their TSOY-32 scores or PASS scores. There is no association between the preference of women and the sub-dimensions of TSOY-32 and the PASS. Conclusion: The health literacy and perinatal anxiety levels of the pregnant women in the sample group did not affect their OGTT preferences. They stated that healthcare professionals were primarily influential in their decisions on OGTT preferences.

Introduction: Biological changes in human metabolism due to daylight and heat are expressed as circadian rhythm, and its classification according to individuals and their genetic differences is called chronotype. In recent years, there has been an increase in studies examining the relationship between circadian rhythm and birth. Purpose: This study’s first aim was to investigate the relationship between the chronotypes of mothers and time of birth, season, meridians in which they were born, and the gender of their babies. Its second aim was to examine the relationship between the birth times and chronotypes of pregnant women and the time of their deliveries. Method: The study was conducted among women presented to Alanya Training and Research Hospital Gynecology and Obstetrics Polyclinic between 01.02.2022 and 31.03.2022. The study included 147 women remembering the date and time of delivery. Participants were selected among the mothers who gave a normal birth, did not have labor induction, whose birth started with spontaneous contractions, and had a healthy pregnancy. A questionnaire form including sociodemographic characteristics, obstetric information, and Horne and Östberg's Morningness- Eveningness scale were applied face to face. One-way ANOVA, Chi-Square, and logistic regression analyses were employed to analyze the data. Results: The chronotypes of the participants revealed that 45 women (30.6%) were morning type, 90 women were intermediate type (61.2%), and 12 women were evening type (8.2%). No difference was found between the chronotype scores of the mothers and the birth hours of their babies (p = .324). There was no difference between mothers' chronotype scores and birth meridians (p = .842). In addition, no significant relationship was found between the mothers' own birth hours and the birth hours of their babies (p= .050). Conclusion: There was no relationship between birth time, season, gender, birth meridian, and chronotype. The limitation of the study may be related to the recall bias, the effect of confounding factors, and the sample size. However, we think it is an interesting field in terms of providing a different perspective on the differences in performance and mood of people with further studies regarding chronotype.

This study aims to explore the effects of human and material resources on mathematical literacy. For this purpose, mathematical literacy test scores and questionnaire responses of 304,444 fifteen-year-olds in 45 countries participated in the 2012 cycle of Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) Project, were analysed through two-level and three-level hierarchical linear models (HLM). Selected indices and scales representing material and human resources’ effects on students’ mathematical literacy were investigated. The results revealed that 23% of the total variance in the literacy scores is attributable to between-countries, 34% of the variance is attributable to between-schools and the remaining 43% to individual student characteristics. Only two school factors, the quality of school educational resources and teacher morale, were found to have effects on students’ performance after accounting for the gender, the index of economic, social and cultural status, and the cumulative expenditure on education. The results of the study have potential to help policy makers determine their priorities in education and provide hints for future studies. Key words: human resources, material resources, PISA 2012, hierarchical linear model.