Mustafa Vural

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye Atletizm Federasyonu'nun Olimpiyat hazırlık programına seçilen erkek elit kros atletlerinde altı haftalık bir direnç antrenmanı programının seçilmiş fiziksel performans parametreleri üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. Çalışmaya, Türkiye Atletizm Federasyonu'nun Olimpiyat hazırlık programına seçilen 19-24 yaş arası on dört erkek elit kros atleti katılmıştır. Araştırmada, atletlerin düzenli spor branşına özgü antrenmanlarına ek olarak haftada üç gün altı haftalık bir direnç antrenmanı programı uygulanmıştır. Program, hem üst hem de alt ekstremite kas gruplarını hedef alan serbest ağırlıklar, direnç makineleri, vücut kütlesi ve elastik direnç kullanılarak yapılan direnç egzersizlerini içermiştir. Antrenman döneminden önce ve sonra, atletlerin anaerobik güç, hız, çeviklik ve yatay sıçrama performansları standartlaştırılmış laboratuvar koşullarında ölçülmüştür. Ölçüm araçları olarak Wingate anaerobik güç testi, 30 m sprint testi, Illinois çeviklik testi ve ayakta uzun atlama testi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 yazılımı kullanılarak analiz edildi ve ön test ile son test arasındaki farklar eşleştirilmiş örneklem t-testi kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Yatay sıçrama performansı ön testte 151,93 ± 24,57 cm'den son testte 163,50 ± 23,87 cm'ye yükseldi ve bu değişim istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p < 0,001; dz = 1,97). Benzer şekilde, anaerobik güç 636,06 ± 79,39 W'tan 721,58 ± 92,23 W'a yükseldi (p < 0,001; dz = 1,61). Sprint performansı da 4,44 ± 0,40 s'den 4,31 ± 0,47 s'ye önemli ölçüde iyileşti (p = 0,033; dz = 0,64), oysa çeviklik performansındaki değişim istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi (p = 0,063; dz = 0,54). Sonuç olarak, altı haftalık direnç antrenmanı programı, yatay sıçrama performansı, anaerobik güç ve sprint performansında iyileşmelerle ilişkilendirilirken, çeviklik performansında anlamlı bir değişiklik gözlenmedi. Çalışmada kontrol grubu bulunmadığı için, bu değişiklikleri yalnızca direnç antrenmanı programına bağlayan nedensel çıkarımlar yapılamaz.

This study seeks to investigate the interrelationships among leadership in sports, perceived social support, and health consciousness through the application of structural equation modeling (SEM). Data were gathered from individuals actively engaged in various sports, including football, basketball, volleyball, and athletics, and were assessed using the Leadership Behavior Scale (LSS), the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale (MSPSS), and the Health Awareness Scale (PHS). The internal consistency coefficients (Cronbach's α) for these scales were determined to be 0.79, 0.61, and 0.78, respectively. The results of the structural equation model reveal that the direct effect of leadership in sports on health consciousness is negative and significant (β = -0.161, p < .001). Nonetheless, the mediating role of perceived social support is significant (indirect effect β = 0.066, p < .001) and accounts for 29.1% of the total effect. The model's fit indices suggest that the theoretical framework is empirically substantiated. Perceived social support emerges as a crucial variable in comprehending how individuals interpret their leadership experiences and how these experiences influence their health-related cognitive awareness. These findings imply that effective leadership practices across various domains may exert indirect effects on the development of health awareness through social support mechanisms, offering significant implications, particularly for the psychosocial development of young adults.

This study was conducted to examine the relationship between mindfulness levels and decision making styles of wrestling referees. Since referees have to make instant decisions during the competition, the effect of their individual cognitive processes on their decision making mechanisms is seen as an important research area. Mindfulness is defined as the individual's awareness of the current moment and acceptance without judgement, and is associated with decision making processes in the context of sport psychology. Within the scope of the research, data were collected on a sample group consisting of wrestling referees who actively served between 2022-2023. The sample consisted of 76 participants selected by random sampling method. ‘Mindfulness Scale’ was used to determine the mindfulness levels of the referees and “Decision Making Styles Scale” was used to evaluate their decision making styles. Descriptive statistics were used and normality assumptions were tested, revealing that the data were normally distributed. Accordingly, t-test, ANOVA, Tukey post-hoc, and Pearson correlation analyses were conducted using SPSS 25.0, with the significance level set at p<.05. As a result of the analyses, no significant relationship was found between mindfulness levels and decision making styles of wrestling referees. However, it was also evaluated whether the referees differed according to demographic variables in terms of mindfulness levels and decision making styles. At this point, it was determined that national referees were more careful in making decisions than international referees. The results show that mindfulness does not have a direct effect on referees' decision making processes, but individual and environmental factors may be determinant on decision making mechanisms. In this context, the importance of practical training on decision making processes in referee training programmes is highlighted.

This study examined the relationship between innovation and strategic management in terms of demographic characteristics (gender, marital status, and professional experience) of fitness center managers' perceptions of innovation and strategic management. The research was conducted using a survey model, and the data obtained from 154 participants were analyzed using SPSS. The findings show that the innovation and strategic management scores of male participants are higher than those of female participants, and that these perceptions improve significantly as professional experience increases. While the effect of marital status was limited, a strong positive relationship was found between innovation and strategic management (r= 0.844). This relationship indicates that integrating innovative approaches with strategic processes is critical for organizational success. This study recommends strengthening women's leadership roles by promoting equal opportunities in the workplace and developing strategic support mechanisms for the development of inexperienced employees. Future research should test these findings across different sectors and cultural contexts. These results highlight that innovation and strategic management are important building blocks for both individual and organizational development.

This study aimed to investigate athletes’ self-confidence in resource management and their levels of challenge and threat. The sample of the study consisted of 259 athletes, 100 female and 159 male, who were doing sports in private and public fight clubs in Ağrı, Batman, Muş and Van provinces. In the data collection part of the study, “Personal Information Form” prepared by the researchers, “Sources of sport-Confidence Questionnaire” adapted into Turkish by Miçooğulları and Kirazcı and “The Challenge and Threat in Sport Scale” adapted into Turkish by Gürbüz et al. were used. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship between athletes’ sources of self-confidence and their challenge s and threat, and a regression test was used to determine the effect. The results showed a positive and moderate relationship between SSCQ and challenge (r=.517 p=.001, one of the sub-dimensions of the CAT-Sport. The total score (R2=.231 p=.001), expertise (R2=.258 p=.001), and physical and mental preparation (R2=.245 p=.001) sub-dimensions of the SSCQ showed a positive effect on the challenge sub-dimension of the CAT-Sport. These statements can be considered to positively affect athletes’ performance by turning into challenge if they can manage their self-confidence resources correctly. These findings suggest that athletes’ self-confidence resources, especially physical and mental preparation and perceptions of expertise, play an important role in increasing their challenge levels. In this context, it is suggested that strategies to improve athletes’ self-confidence resources may increase their ability to cope with challenge.

Metaverse is a new concept which is frequently discussed in many fields such as health, art, sports, entertainment, education, trade, and marketing. The scope and actuality of this concept, which expresses a new digital world beyond the universe, necessitated this study. In this study; gender, age, duration of social media usage and levels of metaverse knowledge, awareness and attitude of university students have been tried to be analyzed statistically in terms of variables such as playing digital games, using e-commerce, communicating with other individuals in virtual channels and the availability of crypto money. The survey model, one of the quantitative research methods, was preferred in the study. Independent Sample T Test and Pearson Correlation tests were used to analyze data with a normal distribution. The universe of the research includes students studying at Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University in the 2021-2022 academic year, and the sample of the research includes 271 students (122 females and 149 males), studying in different departments of the same university. Apart from the personal information form, the 'Metaverse Scale’ developed by Süleymanoğulları et al. was chosen as a data collection tool. According to the results, male participants' metaverse knowledge, attitude, and awareness levels are higher than females in the sub-dimensions of digitalization and lifestyle. While a positive and weak relationship was found between the participants’ average daily social media usage time and the technology sub-dimension average score, the analysis results indicate that the levels of the participants who engage in e-commerce in the technology, digitalization, and lifestyle sub-dimensions are higher than the others. Finally, it has been found that the metaverse knowledge, attitude and awareness levels of the students with crypto money in the sub-dimensions of technology, digitalization and lifestyle are higher than those in the other group. According to the results of this study, it can be said that the metaverse attitudes, awareness and knowledge levels of the university students who constitute the research sample group differ depending on sociocultural and socioeconomic factors.

Bu çalışmanın amacı Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen Üniversitesinin farklı Bölümlerinde Eğitim gören öğrencilerin uzaktan eğitim dersine yönelik tutumlarının belirlenmesidir. Bu araştırma betimsel araştırma niteliğindedir. Araştırmanın yöntemini ise tarama modeli oluşturmaktadır. Tarama modeli bir grubun belirli özelliklerini belirlemek için verilerin toplanmasını amaçlayan çalışmalardır. Araştırmanın örneklemini 2018-2019 yılında Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen Üniversitesin de öğrenim gören yedi farklı bölüm öğrencilerinden 180 Kadın 260 Erkek toplam 449 kişi oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada öğrencilerin uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutumlarına ilişkin veriler Ağır (2007) tarafından geliştirilen “Uzaktan Eğitime Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği” aracılığı ile toplanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizi SPSS 23.0 program kullanılmıştır. İkili karşılaştırmalarda bağımsız gruplar için independent samples T-testi kullanılmış olup çoklu karşılaştırılmalarda ise one way-anova testi kullanılmıştır. Gruplar arasında ki farklılığın tespit edilmesi için Tukey testi kullanılmış ve bu çalışmada hata düzeyi 0.05 olarak alınmıştır. Çalışmaya Fakülte/yüksekokul açısından bakıldığında bölüm öğrencileri arasında Uzaktan eğitim dersine karşı avantaj ve sınırlılıklar alt boyutlarına ilişkin ortalamaları arasında anlamlı farkların tespit edildiği görülmüştür.

This study investigated the effect of career planning of the students in the Ağrı Ibrahim Çeçen University department of sports management and the coaching education department on entrepreneurial tendencies. The research group consisted of 161 students who studying in Ağrı Ibrahim Çeçen University Sports Management and Coaching Department. In the study, "Personal Career Planning Scale", which was developed by a researcher "Entrepreneurial Tendency Scale", which was developed by another researcher and "Personal Information Form", which was prepared by the researcher was used as a data collection tool. Spearman Correlation (r) coefficient technique was used to reveal the relationship between the career planning sub-dimensions and the entrepreneurial tendencies of the students. The effect between dependent and independent variables of the study was tested by regression analysis. In the correlation analysis performed at the end of the study, it was found that there was a positive relationship between all sub-dimensions of career planning scale and there was a positive and moderate relationship between the career planning and sub-dimensions and entrepreneurial tendencies. As a result of the regression analysis, the sub-dimension of defining opportunities and planning sub-dimension from the career planning has significantly affected the entrepreneurship and it explains 41% of the changes in entrepreneurship. It is possible to say that the participants who have the opportunities and have a plan are more entrepreneurs.