Agus Wahyudi

The livelihood of small-scale fishers is highly dependent on marine resources and coastal areas while the condition of marine waters is increasingly unpredictable due to seasonal uncertainty and extreme weather due to climate variability. This condition has a negative impact on fish catches and the income of small-scale fishermen. The study results were obtained through interviews with respondents using a structured questionnaire. Sampling was carried out using multistage random sampling based on the type and number of ships controlled (1 GT-5GT). The total sample of respondents interviewed was 166 fishing households, consisting of 36 respondents from Bandar Lampung City, 65 respondents from South Lampung Regency, and 65 respondents from Tanggamus Regency. Data was evaluated using three analysis methods, namely household income structure, indicators of income vulnerability, and adaptation mechanisms. Income structure and income vulnerability use a quantitative approach, while adaptation mechanisms use a qualitative approach. The results of this empirical study found that the source of income of traditional capture fisher households is from: fishing business (on the farm) averaged 82.22%, in Tanggamus Regency, the proportion reached 86.22%. The income vulnerability index of traditional capture fisher households (LVI-IPCC value) in Bandar Lampung City and South Lampung Regency is positive (0.39 and 0.36). The income vulnerability index of traditional fishermen in Tanggamus Regency is negative -0.29. Fishermen employ an adaptation mechanism that engaged the five fundamental facets of income capital, namely natural capital, human capital, physical capital, financial capital, and social capital.

Penanganan air limbah domestik ialah satu di antara beberapa masalah lingkungan pada daerah Surabaya. Di samping mengakibatkan tercemarnya lingkungan, air limbah pun bisa menciptakan gangguan kesehatan. Satu di antara beberapa metode guna melakukan pengolahan air limbah yakni InstaIasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) Komunal. Salah satu IPAL Komunal yang ada di Surabaya terletak di Jalan Granting gang 1 RT 01 RW 01 Kelurahan Simokerto Kecamatan Simokerto Kota Surabaya. Keberadaan IPAL Komunal tersebut memberikan manfaat bagi kelestarian lingkungan hidup, terutama kebersihan sungai di Kelurahan Simokerto namun kemanfaatan tersebut semakin berkurang karena keberlanjutan kelembagaannya yang semakin melemah. Penelitian kualitatif berikut memakai pendekatan studi kasus yang bertujuan untuk menjelaskan dan mengkaji kelembagaan dan juga faktor-faktor yang menunjang juga menghambat pada pengelolaan sanitasi berbasis masyarakat pada Kelompok Swadaya Masyarakat Pengelola IPAL Komunal RT 01 RW 01 Kelurahan Simokerto Kecamatan Simokerto Kota Surabaya. Pengambilan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan melalui wawancara, pengamatan langsung dan dokumentasi. Dalam menganalisis data dipakai Model Interaktif yakni pengumpulan, reduksi, penyajian data serta penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan analisa kelembagaan dalam 3 (tiga) pilar yakni pilar regulatif, pilar normatif, pilar serta pilar kultural kognitif. Keberlanjutan kelembagaan IPAL Komunal di RT 01 RW 01 Kelurahan Simokerto Kecamatan Simokerto Kota Surabaya saat ini mengalami stagnasi. Faktor pendukungnya adalah kesadaran dan kebiasaan warga akan pentingnya hidup sehat membuat lingkungan sekitar terlihat bersih dan asri, warga dapat menghemat penggunaan air bersih PDAM dengan memanfaatkan air hasil pengolahan dari IPAL Komunal, serta pendanaan IPAL Komunal berasal dari dana warga sendiri sedangkan faktor penghambatnya adalah kurang perhatiannya Pemerintah Kota Surabaya terhadap keberlangsungan IPAL Komunal yang ada dan juga tidak adanya regenerasi pada kelembagaan IPAL Komunal. Rekomendasi riset ini untuk keberlangsungan IPAL Komunal adalah dipelukannya pendampingan dan pendanaan untuk perawatan dan pengelolaan dari Pemerintah Kota Surabaya serta perlu adanya regenerasi pada kelembagaan IPAL Komunal dalam pengelolaannya.

Patchouli oil is an essential oil extracted from the patchouli plant (Pogostemon cablin Benth), widely cultivated by farmers in Kolaka District, South East Sulawesi Province, as intercrop or monoculture farming. This research aimed to search for probable solutions to the problems faced by farmers in developing sustainable patchouli oil production. The research was conducted in Kolaka, South East Sulawesi, in May-June 2021 using problem-solving approach. The snowball method was used to select the key informants consisting of farmers, distillers, and extension workers. The primary data was obtained through online interviews. The problems and probable solutions identified in the cultivation and distillation of patchouli consisted of the soil problems that could be overcome through the right and balanced fertilization; the scarcity of certified seed, the government should initiate the production; the synthetic chemical weed and disease control that can be replaced by application of mechanical weed and integrated disease control; and herbage immaturity by conducting gradual harvesting according to plant maturity and capacity of distillation equipment. It is suggested to utilize a stainless kettle in the distillation and farmers’ organizations can provide a soft loan when farmers need cash and the patchouli oil price is low to delay selling.

Pandemi covid-19 menyebabkan perubahan gaya hidup dan kebiasaan baru pada bidang pendidikan. Pendidikan di masa pandemi covid-19 melaksanakan pembelajaran secara berani sebagai upaya untuk mengurangi risiko penyebaran Covid-19. Dampak pembelajaran yang diterapkan menyebabkan siswa kesulitan dalam belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membantu belajar pada siswa sekolah dasar di masa pandemi covid-19. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk memenuhi kewajiban dalam program kegiatan Kuliah Kerja Nyata Tematik di Desa Cacaban RW IX Kota Magelang. Kegiatan bimbingan yang dilaksanakan berdasarkan studi literatur dengan pendekatan pribadi dengan siswa. Hasil dari bimbingan belajar yang dilaksanakan menunjukkan hasil yang positif.

Sustainable agriculture aims to improve productivity, conserve the environment, promote social welfare, and improve economic efficiency. The productivity of white pepper smallholders in East Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi, was the highest in Indonesia at 1.4 tons/ha, and some smallholders reached more than 6 tons/ha. This research aimed to study the cultivation practices and evaluate sustainability from an environmental, social, and economic perspective. The method used in this research was a case-study on accomplished smallholders in Ranteangin Village, Towuti District. Pepper smallholders’ outstanding cultivation practices that threaten sustainability from environmental and social perspectives were clean land clearing, monoculture planting pattern, utilization of wood supports, clean weeding, and processing. While from an economic perspective, most cultivation practices were sustainable because the higher cost incurred can be offset by higher productivity. Strategies to develop sustainable cultivation practices are implementing more appropriate technologies such as minimum tillage application, multispecies planting of cover crops, live tree supports, and waste treatment in product processing.

Pepper farming is dominant in South Bangka Regency. Pepper production in South Bangka reached 50.92% of total production in Bangka Belitung Islands Province, but productivity only achieved 1.29 ton/ha. One of essential factors to pursue the improvement of pepper production is recomended seeds, on the other side the seed systems is not developed yet. To support the development of pepper farming system required a reliable seed system. The objective of the study are to analyze the system of pepper seed, and to set priority policy development of pepper seed system. The method used to develop policy priorities is the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), which is supported by descriptive statistics.The performance of pepper seed system in South Bangka Regencyhas not been able to produce quality seeds that are easily accessible by farmers. The using of superior seeds is still low. This is related to the limited availability of seeds, price of seed, availability of certain seeds sources, knowledge of the benefits of high quality seeds, and limited information about seeds. Government is the institution that most influence the development of seed system. The price of white pepper is a factor most influences pepper seed system, followed by the performance of pepper seed production, pepper seed quality, and competition among seed producers. The policy required to support major pepper development is developingparent garden, followed by enhancing seed breeder capability, improving seed quality control system, developing seed infrastructure, creating partnership, developing seed information system, and increasing access to credit.Keywords: seed, pepper, seed system, policy development AbstrakUsahatani lada mendominasi pertanian di Kabupaten Bangka Selatan. Produksi lada Bangka Selatan mencapai 50,92% dari total produksi di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung, namun produktivitas usahatani lada saat ini baru mencapai1,29 ton/ha dan berpotensi untuk ditingkatkan. Salah satu penyebab rendahnya produktivitas adalah masih tingginya penggunaan benih asalan di tingkat petani karena sistem perbenihan yang menghasilkan benih bermutu belum berkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sistem perbenihan lada dan menyusun prioritas kebijakan pengembangan sistem perbenihan lada. Metode yang digunakan untuk menyusun prioritas kebijakan adalah Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) yang ditunjang dengan statistik deskriptif. Kinerja sistem perbenihan lada di Kabupaten Bangka Selatan yang saat ini berjalan belum mampu menghasilkan benih bermutu yang mudah diakses oleh petani, walaupun sudah terdapat beberapa pelaku yang mengarah untuk terbangunnya sistem perbenihan tersebut. Penggunaan bibit unggul yang masih rendah terkait dengan keterbatasan ketersediaan benih bina, tingginya harga benih bina, belum tersedianya sumber benih jenis tertentu, pengetahuan masyarakat akan manfaat benih unggul bermutu yang masih rendah, serta keterbatasan informasi mengenai benih. Pemerintah merupakan lembaga yang memberikan pengaruh terbesar dalam pengembangan sistem perbenihan. Harga lada putih menjadi faktor yang sangat mempengaruhi pengembangan sistem perbenihan lada, diikuti oleh kinerja produksi benih lada, mutu benih lada, dan persaingan antar produsen benih. Kebijakan utamayang diperlukan untuk mendukung pengembangan lada adalah pembangunan kebun induk, dan diikuti dengan kebijakan lain yaitu: peningkatan kemampuan penangkar benih, perbaikan sistem pengawasan mutu benih, pembangunan infrastruktur benih, pengembangan kemitraan, pengembangan sistem informasi perbenihan dan peningkatan akses kredit.Kata kunci: benih, lada, sistem perbenihan, pengembangan kebijakan