Ioanna Patsi

Objective: Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α is a proinflammatory marker and has been shown to affect mitochondrial function in different tissues. We investigated the effect on adipose tissue (AT) inflammation and mitochondrial respiration in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) after 12 weeks of treatment with adalimumab, a TNF‐α inhibitor.Methods: We sampled blood and an AT biopsy from 13 patients with HS and 10 control subjects after an overnight fast. The patients were retested after at least 12 weeks of treatment with adalimumab (40 mg/week). We measured macrophage content and mitochondrial respiration in the AT and interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐10, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP), interferon‐γ, TNF‐α, adiponectin and leptin in plasma. Clinical scores and Dermatology Quality of Life Index (DLQI) were assessed.Results: We found a higher anti‐inflammatory macrophage content (CD206⁺) in the patient group compared with the control group, but no differences between before and after the intervention. No difference in mitochondrial respiration was observed. We observed higher plasma IL‐6 and hsCRP concentrations in patients with HS compared to controls, with no differences before and after the intervention. The difference between controls and HS patients was abolished after the intervention. HS patients improved their DLQI after the intervention with no change in clinical scores.Conclusion: Treatment with adalimumab in patients with HS does not alter AT inflammation or mitochondrial respiratory capacity; however, we did see a higher content of anti‐inflammatory macrophages in the patient group compared with the control group.

Background The aim was to investigate the effect of prolonged endurance exercise on adipose tissue inflammation markers and mitochondrial respiration in young and old men. Methods Young (aged 30 years, n = 7) and old (aged 65 years, n = 7) trained men were exposed to an exercise intervention of 15 consecutive days biking 7-9 hours/day at 63% and 65% of maximal heart rate (young and old, respectively), going from Copenhagen, Denmark to Palermo, Italy. Adipose tissue was sampled from both the gluteal and abdominal depot before and after the intervention. Mitochondrial respiration was measured by high-resolution respirometry and adipose inflammation was assessed by immunohistochemical staining of paraffin embedded sections. Results An increased number of CD163 + macrophages was observed in both the gluteal and abdominal depot (P < 0.01). In addition, an increased mitochondrial respiration was observed in the abdominal adipose tissue from the young group with complex I (CI_p) stimulated respiration, complex I + II (CI + II_p) stimulated respiration and the capacity of the electron transport system (ETS)(P < 0.05), and in the old group an increase in CI_p and CI + II_p stimulated respiration (P < 0.05) was found. Conclusion Overall, we found a positive effect of prolonged endurance exercise on adipose tissue inflammation markers and mitochondrial respiration in both young and old trained men, and no sign of attenuated function in AT with age.