Fred Fosu Agyarko

Objective: The objective of the article is to understand entrepreneurial intentions among female high school students in Ghana using the theory of planned behaviour. Moreover, it investigates differences based on parental entrepreneurship background and academic specialization. Research Design & Methods: We selected a sample of 1286 senior high school females across 20 schools in Ghana via convenience sampling. We gathered data through a structured questionnaire by Liñán and Chen (2009) and analysed it using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM) post-screening. Findings: The results revealed strengthened entrepreneurial intentions for females with parent role models compared to those without. Although all programs significantly impacted intentions, the business track exhibited the largest effect. Hypothesis testing confirmed the theory of planned behaviour’s core antecedents as significant drivers. Implications & Recommendations: The findings can guide education policies and interventions aimed at strengthening female entrepreneurial intentions. However, future studies may consider more senior high or secondary schools in Ghana and other countries. Contribution & Value Added: This research makes key contributions. For instance, it provides greater clarity on the motivational factors shaping Ghanaian female students’ orientations toward future entrepreneurship.

Objective: The objective of the article is to investigate the relationship between environmental support and entrepreneurial intention, as well as the mediating and moderating effects involved. Research Design & Methods: A web-based survey was conducted among a sample of 612 students from institutions of higher education in Spain and Poland. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to evaluate the conceptual framework and hypotheses. Findings: The findings revealed a positive impact of environmental support (ENSUP) on attitude, behavioural control, and intentions. Furthermore, the research reveals that attitude and behavioural control act as mediating factors in the relationship between ENSUP and intentions. The research showed that environmental support significantly predicted attitudes and intentions among Spanish students but not Poles. Moreover, the influence of support on perceived behavioural control was greater for individuals from non-entrepreneurial backgrounds compared to those with entrepreneurial backgrounds. Lastly, the influence of a person’s attitude towards entrepreneurship on their level of entrepreneurial intentions was stronger in families with entrepreneurship backgrounds compared to families without such a history. Implications & Recommendations: The practical implications of this research extend to universities and policymakers, providing recommendations for supporting young entrepreneurs and their networks. Contribution & Value Added: This article contributes to the existing entrepreneurship literature by enhancing the understanding of the connection between environmental support and intentions, the mediating role of attitude and behavioural control, and the moderating effect of family background.

Through a cross-cultural examination, this study aims to analyse a move from the field of entrepreneurship education (EE) to entrepreneurial intention (EI). Specifically, we carried out mediation (perceived behavioural control (PBC) and attitude towards entrepreneurship (ATE)) and moderation (gender and country) analysis. The study surveyed 546 Polish and Spanish university students and used a multi-group analysis to test the model across groups. The results reveal that attitude and PBC partially mediate the effect of EE on EI. Moreover, the results show that the model is consistent in both countries. The study contributes to the comparative international entrepreneurship literature on how the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) applies in different contexts and implications it has for this field of study.