Marzni Mohamed Mokhtar

Health chatbots have been growing into a necessary tool for dealing with risky and important contexts, such as medical and health information seeking. Meanwhile, trust towards chatbots influences people’s willingness to embrace technology and use it consistently. Thus, it is important to explore the mechanism of forming trust towards the health chatbots. The TAM has been introduced to explain the mechanism. This study extends the TAM framework by incorporating perceived risk and self-efficacy to develop an expanded model that explains the mechanisms underlying trust formation in health chatbots, applying a survey and investigating 480 Chinese chatbot users on the Credamo. The findings show that perceived risk reduces trust both directly and indirectly through perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and self-efficacy. Both parallel and serial mediation pathways were supported. These results offer a more complete insight into trust formation in high-risk AI contexts and provide practical guidance for chatbot design and governance in health communication.

This study examines the relationships between authoritative parenting or keibubapaan autoritatif (KA), parents’ reading attitudes or sikap membaca Ibu Bapa (SMIB), early literacy activities or aktiviti literasi awal (ALA), and students’ reading comprehension which measured by skor kefahaman membaca (SKORKM), focusing on the role of ALA as a mediator. Utilizing cross-sectional surveys in a quantitative approach, data were collected from 393 year-5 pupils and their parents across 15 primary schools in Kelantan, Malaysia. Participants were selected through a multilevel random sampling method. The research design incorporated both descriptive statistics and inferential analysis using structural equation modeling. The structural path analysis revealed that only ALA had a significant direct influence on SKORKM. Moreover, ALA fully mediated the relationships between KA and SKORKM, as well as between SMIB and children’s reading comprehension. These findings suggest that KA and positive parental reading attitudes impact SKORKM primarily through the practice of ALA at home. The study successfully developed a new structural equation model that elucidates how family contextual factors, including KA, SMIB, and ALA, are associated with SKORKM achievement.

Teaching essay writing requires educators to employ creativity to engage students and help them develop essential skills. The writing process demands that students think critically to generate relevant and insightful ideas, particularly when analyzing a topic or information during essay writing. This study focuses on the application of the Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) idea generation technique in teaching descriptive essay writing skills among Form Four Malay teachers in the Gombak district. The research question guiding this study is: How can the HOTS idea generation technique be applied to enhance descriptive essay writing skills among Form Four teachers in the Gombak district? A qualitative research design was utilized, involving two participants selected through purposive sampling. Data collection methods included in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis. The data analysis was conducted using thematic analysis. Three main themes emerged from the study: (i) textbooks as a primary source for idea generation; (ii) various idea generation technique as stimuli for new ideas; and (iii) group activities as incentives for critical thinking. In conclusion, a clear teaching strategy is necessary to systematically guide students in generating their ideas for writing. Keywords: Idea Generation Techniques, Higher Order Thinking Skills, Teaching Strategies, Descriptive Essays, Malay Language Teachers.

Ketidaklancaran kemahiran membaca dan kelemahan penguasaan kemahiran menulis dilihat sebagai punca kemerosotan pencapaian akademik belakangan ini di sekolah rendah. Permasalahan kajian menunjukkan bahawa masalah utama yang dihadapi oleh murid sekolah rendah merangkumi kecekapan membina ayat dan perenggan dengan betul dalam peperiksaan awam. Justeru, kajian yang dilaksanakan ini bertujuan untuk meneliti keberkesanan pengaplikasian Model Penanda Wacana, Kata Bantu dan Kata Keterangan (PWKBKK) Bahasa Melayu terhadap penguasaan kemahiran menulis ayat dan petikan dalam kalangan murid Tahun Empat di sebuah sekolah rendah di Selangor. Model PWKBKK ini dibina berdasarkan kepada adaptasi daripada Model Lewin (1946) dan Laidlow (1992) untuk meneliti aspek penguasaan kemahiran menulis ayat dan perenggan dalam kalangan murid Tahun Empat. Reka bentuk kajian kualitatif telah digunakan bagi kajian ini. Seramai lapan orang murid Tahun Empat telah melibatkan diri sebagai peserta kajian ini secara sukarela. Teknik pengumpulan data kajian ini melibatkan temu bual separa berstruktur dan penganalisisan dokumen karangan dan skor ujian intervensi murid. Penelitian terhadap keberkesanan pengaplikasian Model PWKBKK ini telah dilangsungkan di bilik darjah selama empat minggu. Manakala, teknik penganalisisan data yang digunakan ialah analisis tematik. Dua tema utama yang ditemui dalam kajian ini terdiri daripada kajian ini ialah (i) persepsi murid Tahun Empat terhadap pengaplikasian model PWKBKK dan (ii) impak pengaplikasian model PWKBKK terhadap kemahiran menulis ayat dan perenggan dalam kalangan murid Tahun Empat. Secara keseluruhannya, pengaplikasian Model PWKBKK dilihat mendatangkan impak yang positif terhadap peningkatan penguasaan kemahiran menulis ayat dan perenggan kerana kelapan-lapan peserta kajian didapati berupaya menghasilkan ayat dan perenggan dengan baik dan bersistematik.

Reading comprehension is a foundational skill that underpins many aspects of learning, communication, problem solving, and personal development. This study investigates the relationship between parents’ reading attitudes, early literacy activities and students’ reading comprehension as well as examines the influence of early literacy activities as a mediator. It is a quantitative study using a cross-sectional survey approach. The study sample consisted of 393 year five students and their respective parents from fifteen primary schools in Kelantan. The participants were selected using a multi-level random sampling method. The analysis of the study involves descriptive tests and inferential analysis involving structural equation modelling. The finding shows that there is a moderate direct effect of parents’ reading attitudes on early literacy activities and moderate direct effect of early literacy activities on students’ reading comprehension. There is no direct influence of parents’ reading attitudes on students’ reading comprehension. The indirect effects of parents’ reading attitudes on students’ reading comprehension exist significantly through early literacy activities which act as a full mediator to the relationship between parents’ reading attitudes and students’ reading comprehension. The results of this study provide practical implications in empowering parents to provide a learning environment at home.

Pelaksanaan pembelajaran dan pemudahcaraan (PdPc) Bahasa Melayu pada era digital ini sememangnya memberi cabaran yang getir untuk semua guru. Pelbagai masalah dan rintangan akan dihadapi sama ada kepada guru atau murid. Guru perlu lebih kreatif untuk melaksanakan PdPc Bahasa Melayu terutamanya dalam aspek Komponen Sastera (KOMSAS). Murid-murid akan berasa cepat bosan sekiranya kaedah PdP yang lama digunakan dan memerlukan guru untuk menambah baik aktiviti pengajaran dengan mengintegrasikan penggunaan Teknologi Maklumat dan Komunikasi (TMK). Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tahap dan hubungan pengetahuan, kemahiran dan sikap bakal guru Bahasa Melayu terhadap aplikasi Kahoot, Quizizz dan Padlet dalam pengajaran Komponen Sastera. Sampel kajian terdiri daripada 82 orang bakal guru Bahasa Melayu yang mengikuti Program Bacelor Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu dengan Kepujian, Fakulti Pengajian Pendidikan, Universiti Putra Malaysia. Reka bentuk kajian ini adalah berbentuk tinjauan deskriptif. Borang soal selidik telah digunakan bagi mengumpul maklumat daripada responden. Min keseluruhan bagi tahap pengetahuan ialah 4.48 dan nilai sisihan piawai ialah 0.51. Skor min keseluruhan dan sisihan piawai bagi tahap kemahiran pula ialah 4.38 dan 0.51. Manakala, skor min keseluruhan dan sisihan piawai bagi tahap sikap ialah 4.49 dan 0.42. Secara keseluruhannya, kajian ini mendapati bahawa bakal guru Bahasa Melayu berminat dan cenderung menggunakan aplikasi Kahoot, Quizizz dan Padlet dalam pengajaran Komponen Sastera.

The main objectives of this research are to develop the items of students’ experiential e-learning scale, to verify and construct validate the psychometric properties of students’ experiential e-learning measurement model. The study also aimed to investigate the experiential e-learning of students in higher learning institutions in Malaysia. This research is quantitative in nature employing the cross-sectional survey design. The Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing will be adapted in the development of the instrument. Content validity ratio (CVR) and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) will be used to analyze the corresponding items of experiential e-learning constructs. The psychometric properties of experiential e-learning measurement model will be empirically tested via Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). This will be accompanied by a descriptive study to explore the students’ experiential e-learning. Exploration of students’ experiential e-learning in higher learning institutions can provide further insights into what works in an open online environment. This research will produce an adequate measurement model and a psychometrically sound instrument of students’ experiential e-learning as well as the publications and intellectual properties (IP).

Teachers around the world are committed to improving student-centered learning, intending to enhance the digital teaching tool in the classroom, in tandem with the rapid evolution of technology. In addition, as a teacher, education is one of the sectors that play an essential role in preparing students for the changes, as students begin to recognize what they are learning on the first day of formal education. Consequently, exploring teachers’ experience and reviewing the challenges in teaching, is in line with the current digital era. The implementation has significance important in the scenario of Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR4.0). One of the pillars, Artificial Intelligence (AI) Technology, which is defined as the ability of a computer or a computer-controlled robot to perform tasks that are normally performed by humans has given a dynamic viewpoint in various fields, especially in teaching. Nowadays, decision-making is simplified by artificial decision-making, which does not require the presence of a human. As a result, Chatbots as in AI Technology provide a new paradigm for teachers at school, and the mushrooming of digital mediums in education enhances the capability of teaching by using chatbot applications in the lessons. The purpose of this study is to explore Chat Bots in AI Technology as a digital teaching tool among Secondary School Teachers. The researcher used a qualitative case study guide with the purposive sampling method with three research questions to gather data through semi-structured interview questions and document review. Next, the researcher used manual coding to create themes for the findings. All in all, the informants are sharing the concept, the use, and the challenges based on content representation, the students’ interactions in previous experiences, assessments, and feedback. How teachers respond in depth led to the researcher discovering the need for training, professional development, and future classrooms for secondary education.

HRMARS is well established journal publisher based in Pakistan. It is publishing prominent journals in social sciences since 2011.

Incorporating technology into the learning process has resulted in the development of various new media for lecturers to use in delivering subject matter. Furthermore, the material presented is intended to enable students to develop creative and innovative ideas in higher education vocational majors in makeup and beauty. The purpose of this study is to determine how effective the flipbook-based module is in increasing student creativity in nail art subject at the Department of Beauty and Cosmetology at Universitas Negeri Padang. This study employs a quantitative and experimental approach (Group Pretest-Posttest Design). Data were collected from thirty respondents using a Likert scale questionnaire and a pre-test and post-test of nail art practice skills. All respondents are students in the Department of Cosmetology and Beauty, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality, for the 2021/2022 academic year. All data were then analyzed descriptively and correlated using SPSS 23 software. Overall, the analysis results showed that using flip book-based e-modules could increase students' creativity in nail art subjects. These results can be proven by the effectiveness test of students' creativity, with an average value of 71.9%. Furthermore, the correlation analysis revealed a significant value of 0.05 and a t-score of 7.083 t-table of 2.045. The results of this study imply that it can provide references for education in choosing learning media and strategies for delivering learning materials that are effective in increasing creativity. Furthermore, this can be used as a basis for further development to produce effective media and learning approaches.