Post‐Processing Strategies for Laser‐Scribed Grooves in Perovskite Solar Modules: Mechanisms, Trade‐Offs, and Engineering Guidelines

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Abstract
Monolithic integration is widely regarded as a practical pathway toward scalable perovskite solar modules (PSMs). Despite substantial progress in understanding and mitigating laser‐scribing‐induced damage, laser‐scribed groove regions remain important localized sources of performance loss and degradation that can affect module efficiency, reproducibility, and long‐term stability. While a growing number of studies have reported various post‐processing approaches for laser‐scribed grooves, the field still lacks an engineering‐oriented framework connecting laser‐induced damage mechanisms with practical module‐level mitigation strategies. In this review, we specifically focus on laser‐scribed grooves as functionally dominant degradation zones, rather than treating them as minor processing defects. We introduce an engineering‐oriented damage cascade framework to describe how laser‐induced thermal disorder, defect generation, structural disruption, and transport processes are hierarchically coupled. Based on this perspective, existing post‐processing strategies for grooves are systematically classified according to the stages of the damage cascade they primarily address. This enables a mechanism‐guided evaluation of their effectiveness, trade‐offs, and scalability.
Funding Information
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (52502186)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (52272255)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (22379156)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (U23A20141)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (22479086)

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