Novos arranjos das “forças da tradição” nas políticas de educação especial no Brasil

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Abstract
Special Education in Brazil was constituted as a public policy in the midst of corporate-military domination. The educational guidelines produced in the face of the crisis of capital, organized by UNESCO/World Bank, from the 1990s onwards were key to proposing policies for educational inclusion in Brazil. We identified three generations of policies with an inclusive perspective in Brazil, highlighting the third, proposed in the Michel Temer (2016 – 2018) and Jair Bolsonaro (2019 – 2022) governments. We analyzed Decree No. 10,502 of 2020, which points to the resumption of segregated services, its privatist face, reducing public investments in public education networks, adjusting to the Education 2030 agenda. We examine the new arrangements of the forces that have traditionally acted in Brazil and that corroborate their entrepreneurialism. We present and analyze their forms of action and political links to meet privatist interests. We also demonstrate the disputes over the conception of an inclusive perspective for special education, until recently hegemonized by social-liberal thinking, focusing on the access and permanence of special education students to basic education in common classes of regular, complementary and non-substitutive or segregated education. The liberal-ultraconservative offensive of the "forces of tradition" has disputed the formulation of another consensus for the inclusive perspective in special education, which aggregates segregated and substitutive care, justified by the condition of students who need more comprehensive support. Such disputes characterize a conservative antagonism, in the same political field, expressing intra-bourgeois struggles.

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