Compact and Slow-Wave Tunable 28 nm CMOS-SOI Twisted Hybrid Couplers for 5G Applications

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Abstract
This article presents four twisted hybrid couplers exhibiting low insertion losses for 5G applications. Thanks to an accurate pre-sizing methodology and an electromagnetic model, three different twisted hybrid coupler architectures are presented and compared to offer different form factor trade-offs while maintaining state-of-the-art performances. A 26–44-GHz multi-band 90 $^{\circ}$ twisted hybrid coupler exhibiting low insertion losses is then presented to improve its inherent bandwidth. Using a tunable 3-bit slow-wave architecture, the hybrid coupler offers eight operating modes allowing it to select the desired center frequency and covers a bandwidth of more than 51 $\%$ while minimizing its losses. The hybrid coupler achieves insertion losses lower than 2.2 dB with a minimum of 1.45 dB at 26 GHz and a phase shift between the two output paths of 95 $^{\circ}$ $\pm$ 5 $^{\circ}$ . The coupler is highly robust to process variations, and offers a high power handling up to 35 dBm input. All of these circuits are implemented in a CMOS 28 nm FD-SOI process.
Funding Information
  • NANO 2022/Important Project of Common European Interest (IPCEI) Funding Project and STMicroelectronics

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