Richard Rogers

Morey (2007a) developed the Personality Assessment Inventory-Adolescent (PAI-A), which parallels the adult Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI; Morey, 2007b). Shortened by 25%, PAI-A consists of ...

Miranda v. Arizona (1966) protects waivers in police custody from potential self‐incrimination unless the waiver decision was knowingly and intelligently effectuated. Despite extensive research on Miranda comprehension, very little is known about these crucial waiver decisions. This study explores new ground for formerly incarcerated persons (FIPs) and their capacity for knowing and intelligent waivers. In a Prolific investigation, 182 FIPs were recruited, with most having multiple arrests and subsequent incarcerations. They were tested on the Standardized Assessment of Miranda Abilities (SAMA), the best validated measure of Miranda abilities for adult detainees. Results of a linear discriminant analysis indicated that the Miranda‐proficient reasoning group was predicted by strong Miranda‐relevant vocabulary and low scores on the Trust in Law Enforcement (TLE) subscale. Contrastingly, the Miranda‐compromised group demonstrated significantly less advanced Miranda vocabulary with concomitantly high TLE scores. Despite criminal backgrounds, TLE overrode other considerations for Miranda waivers. Based on a qualitative analysis, Miranda‐compromised FIPs seriously overestimated their own abilities to handle police questioning, whereas Miranda‐proficient FIPs appeared more skeptical of any advantages of waiving silence/counsel. In conclusion, this Miranda‐compromised group held seemingly more trusting views of arresting officers and saw more benefits to waive their rights than their Miranda‐proficient counterparts.

A seminal BSL article in 1984 provided a conceptual framework for systematically applying detection strategies to feigned mental disorders. Over the decades, gradual advances have emerged for delineating and operationalizing these strategies. The first major section follows the developments in feigning strategies for the MMPI family and the SIRS/SIRS‐2 as leading measures for multiscale inventories and structured interviews, respectively. The second major section critically reviews two unlikely detection strategies (i.e., rare symptoms and symptom combinations ) and two amplified detection strategies (i.e., symptom severity and symptom selectivity ). The article concludes with recommendations for future research on potential strategies.

Objective: To investigate scale‐level and especially item‐level correlates of the Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire (PDSQ) with an emphasis on its clinical usefulness in primary care settings. In addition, gender‐based correlate differences were explored to test whether gender‐specific conclusions were warranted. Overall, the current empirical correlates sought to improve the PDSQ's precision in clinical interpretations. Method: The current dataset was composed of 234 primary care patients, systematically evaluated via the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐5 Disorders‐Research Version (SCID‐5‐RV) for 10 common mental disorders. Rather than using the typical skip‐out logic, the 10 modules were administered in their entirety, providing item‐level correlates for the PDSQ as the index measure. Results: When adequately represented ( n ≥ 10), PDSQ subscales produced strong scale homogeneities ( M alpha = 0.85). At the item level, they evidenced strong convergent validities ( M r = 0.64), clearly more than doubled their discriminant validities ( M r = 0.25). Adopting a stringent criterion ( r ≥ 0.35), 273 PDSQ empirical correlates were established for common diagnoses. Regarding gender, seven disorders produced similar scale correlates, whereas three were divergent. Conclusion: As the third independent investigation, PDSQ item‐level correlates have been empirically validated in both psychiatric and primary care settings. The PDSQ, in its expanded role, provided valuable clinical data regarding DSM‐5 symptoms and clinical characteristics. Summary: Consistent with the first objective, the PDSQ subscales demonstrated excellent internal consistency and construct validity. For specific symptoms and clinical characteristics, the PDSQ is distinguished from most self‐report psychological measures regarding the precision of its clinical findings via item‐level correlates. In the context of the replication crisis, rigorous criteria were applied to bivariate correlates, ranging from moderate ( r s ≥ 0.35) to very large ( r s ≥ 0.60) for each PDSQ subscale.