Dalin Ye

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between vegetable intake and major depressive disorder (MDD) through cross-sectional analysis and bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR). Design: Cross-sectional analysis was conducted on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2005 to 2018 and the corresponding Food Patterns Equivalents Database (FPED). Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data were obtained from UK Biobank and Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) dataset. Logistic regression analysis was performed after calculating the weights of the samples. Inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger and weighted median methods were used to evaluate the causal effects. Setting: A Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score ≥ 10 was considered to indicate MDD. Low vegetable intake was defined as < 2 cups of vegetables per day. Participants: 30 861 U.S. adults from NHANES. The GWAS data sample size related to vegetable intake were comprised 448 651 and 435 435 cases respectively, while the GWAS data sample size associated with MDD encompassed 500 199 cases. Results: There were 23 249 (75·33 %) participants with low vegetable intake. The relationship between vegetable intake and MDD was nonlinear. In the multivariate model adjusted for sex, age, education, marital status, poverty income ratio, ethnicity and BMI, participants with low vegetable intake were associated with an increased risk of MDD (OR = 1·53, 95 % CI (1·32, 1·77), P < 0·001). Bidirectional MR showed no causal effects between vegetable intake and MDD. Conclusions: Cross-sectional analysis identified a significant relationship between vegetable intake and MDD, whereas the results from bidirectional two-sample MR did not support a causal role.

Background: The Valve Academic Research Consortium 3 (VARC‐3) standardizes the classification criteria and Doppler parameters for paravalvular regurgitation (PVR) by echocardiography. However, the consistency between transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and angiography in grading (using the VARC‐3 criteria) of PVR during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is unclear.Methods: Forty‐six patients who underwent TEE and angiography during TAVR were retrospectively included. All patients had complete baseline information, TEE and angiography data. The Doppler parameters measured by TEE included the circumferential extent of PVR, regurgitation volume, regurgitation fraction, and the effective regurgitant orifice area. PVR was classified into four grades: absent, mild, moderate and severe. The weighted kappa coefficient was used to analyze the consistency between the two techniques. Kendall's W coefficient was used to evaluate the consistency of parameters measured by TEE.Results: Among all patients, there were 43 cases (93.5%) with consistent assessments between TEE and angiography. PVR was observed in 19 cases. TEE assessed mild PVR in 17 cases and moderate PVR in two cases; Angiography assessed mild PVR in 14 cases and moderate PVR in two cases. The weighted kappa coefficient between angiography and the circumferential extent of PVR, regurgitation volume, regurgitation fraction, and the effective regurgitant orifice area respectively was .84, .79, .74, .85 (P < .001). Kendall's W coefficient was .83 (P < .001).Conclusions: TEE and angiography had strong consistency in the grading (using the VARC‐3 criteria) of PVR during TAVR. TEE was a convenient diagnostic tool to quantify and grade PVR during TAVR.

Background: Development of a radiomics model for predicting lymph node metastasis status in rectal cancer patients based on 3-dimensional endoanal rectal ultrasound images. Methods: This study retrospectively included 79 patients (41 with lymph node metastasis positive and 38 with lymph node metastasis negative) diagnosed with rectal cancer in our hospital from January 2018 to February 2022. The tumor’s region of interest is first delineated by radiologists, from which radiomics features are extracted. Radiomics features were then selected by independent samples t-test, correlation coefficient analysis between features, and least absolute shrinkage and regression with selection operator. Finally, a multilayer neural network model is developed using the selected radiomics features, and nested cross-validation is performed on it. These models were validated by assessing their diagnostic performance and comparing the areas under the curve and recall rate curve in the test set. Results: The areas under the curve of radiologist was 0.662 and the F1 score was 0.632. Thirty-four radiomics features were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (P < .05), and 10 features were finally selected for developing multilayer neural network models. The areas under the curve of the multilayer neural network models were 0.787, 0.761, 0.853, and the mean areas under the curve was 0.800. The F1 scores of the multilayer neural network models were 0.738, 0.740, and 0.818, and the mean F1 score was 0.771. Conclusions: Radiomics models based on 3-dimensional endoanal rectal ultrasound can be used to identify lymph node metastasis status in rectal cancer patient with good diagnostic performance. Cite this article as: Li J, Chen S, Lin Y, et al. Development and validation of a radiomics model based on 3-dimensional endoanal rectal ultrasound of rectal cancer for predicting lymph node metastasis. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2023;34(5):542-551.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the consistency between transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and angiography in grading of paravalvular regurgitation (PVR) during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) according to the Valve Academic Research Consortium 3 (VARC-3) criteria. 31 patients who underwent TEE and angiography during TAVR were retrospectively included. Circumferential extent of PVR, regurgitation volume, regurgitation fraction, and the effective regurgitant orifice area were measured by TEE. Weighted kappa coefficient was used to analyze the consistency of the two techniques. PVR was found in 16 of 31 patients. TEE assessed mild PVR in 14 cases and moderate PVR in 2 cases. Angiography assessed mild PVR in 12 cases and moderate PVR in 2 cases. The grading of TEE and angiography were the same in 29 cases, of which 15 were absent, 12 were mild, and 2 were moderate. The weighted kappa coefficient for both techniques was 0.88 (P < 0.001). The Kendall’s W coefficient of the circumferential extent of PVR, regurgitation volume, regurgitation fraction, and the effective regurgitant orifice area was 0.285 (P<0.005). TEE and angiography had strong consistency in the grading (using the VARC-3 criteria) of PVR during TAVR. TEE was a potential diagnostic tool for classifying PVR.

Objectives: To assess the correlation between endorectal ultrasound (ERUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting the circumferential resection margin (CRM) status of patients with mid‐low rectal cancer without preoperative chemoradiotherapy.Methods: Twenty patients with rectal cancer who did not receive preoperative chemoradiotherapy and underwent ERUS and MRI examinations before total mesorectal excision from May 2018 to April 2019 were included in this study. The patient and tumor characteristics, lymph nodes, tumor stages, ERUS and MRI predictors of the CRM status, and postoperative pathologic results were recorded. The closest distance between the deepest portion of lesion invasion and the mesorectal fascia was independently measured on MRI and ERUS images by 2 observers. The observers were blinded to the pathologic results. Measurements from ERUS and MRI were compared.Results: The mean distance between the distal edge of the lesion and the anal verge was 5.7 cm (range, 3.1–8.1 cm). The ERUS and pathologic evaluations of CRM involvement were consistent in 90% of the cases. The MRI and pathologic evaluations of CRM involvement were concordant in 95% of the cases. The Cohen κ coefficient of ERUS and MRI was 0.608 (P = .007). The correlation coefficient of ERUS and MRI for assessing the closest distance from the edge of cancer invasion to the mesorectal fascia was 0.99 (P = .0005).Conclusions: Endorectal ultrasound and MRI assessments of the preoperative CRM status appear to be highly consistent. Endorectal ultrasound can be used as a complementary tool with MRI to predict the CRM status of patients with mid‐low rectal cancer without preoperative chemoradiotherapy.