Vera Mikhailovna Mirovich

Aim: to develop and validate the methods of quantitative determination of the sum of flavonoids and the sum of simple phenols in the collection of gynecological anti-inflammatory mixture. Material and methods. The object of the study is a gynecological anti-inflammatory preparation containing five-leaved shrubby cinquefoil shoots, one-sided orchis herb, and lingonberry leaves. The total amount of flavonoids in terms of rutin was determined using differential spectrophotometry, and the total amount of simple phenols was determined using direct spectrophotometry in terms of arbutin. The methods have been validated. Results. Optimal extraction conditions have been established – the extractant is ethyl alcohol 60%, the particle size of the raw material is 2 mm, the extraction time is 40 minutes and the ratio of raw materials:extractant 1:100 (to extract the amount of flavonoids), 60 min and the ratio of raw materials:extractant 1:50 (for extraction of simple phenols) respectively. Validation characteristics, i.e. linearity, repeatability, reproducibility and correctness, have been established for the developed methods for the quantitative determination of the sum of flavonoids and the sum of simple phenols. The specified characteristics are within the criteria of acceptability and are precise. Based on the results of the analysis of 6 semi-industrial batches, the recommended content of flavonoids is at least 2%, and the recommended content of simple phenols is at least 1%. Conclusion. As a result of the conducted research, methods for the quantitative determination of the main biologically active compounds of the gynecological anti-inflammatory mixture have been developed and validated, which ensures the quality and safety of the developed medicinal product.

Aim – to study the component composition of elements and amino acids in three species of the genus Geranium L. growing in the Baikal region. Material and methods. The above-ground organs of Geranium wlassovianum Fisch., G. eriostemon Fisch., G. pratense L. were collected during the flowering period in the southern regions of the Irkutsk region. The elemental composition was studied after the ashing of the raw material samples (0.030 g) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) on an Agilent 7500 ce quadrupole mass spectrometer. Amino acids were analyzed after hydrolysis using the Amino Acid Analyzer AAA 339 M (Mikrotechna, Czech Republic). Results. The three species of the genus Geranium contain 54 elements, including essential ones. There is a high content of manganese in G. wlassovianum 39 mg/g, in G. eriostemon 66 mg/g, in G. pratense 43 mg/g. 23 amino acids have been identified in the composition of amino acids. The predominant amino acids were glutamic acid (5.94 and 11.32 mg/g, respectively) in G. wlassovianum and G. pratense, and glutamine (4.06 mg/g), which was identified only in this species. G. wlassovianum also contained high levels of aspartic and cysteine acids (4.44 and 2.00 mg/g, respectively), G. eriostemon contains high levels of glutamic acid and phenylalanine (3.61 and 2.90 mg/g, respectively), and G. pratense contains high levels of aspartic acid and leucine (6.96 and 6.22 mg/g, respectively). Conclusion. The analysis showed the presence in the above-ground organs of the species Geranium wlassovianum, G. eriostemon, G. pratense of the flora of the Baikal region of elements and amino acids that are involved in ensuring the normal functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and the genitourinary system.

Representatives of the genus Geranium L. are used in ethnopharmacology in many countries for gastric diseases, for wound healing, as a hemostatic agent for hemoptysis, and for diabetes mellitus. We have conducted a study of the chemical composition of the aboveground part of the most common species of the genus Geranium in the Baikal region. Samples of the raw materials for the study were collected in 2023 during the growing season, budding, flowering and fruiting on grasslands and forest edges in the southern regions of the Irkutsk region. The component composition of phenolic compounds was studied by MK-HPLC-UV in alcohol extracts using commercial reference samples. In the above-ground part of the Geranium eriostemon Fischer. 14 compounds were identified (geranium is predominant – 15.25 mg/g, ellagic acid – 2.29 mg/g, quercetin-3-O-glucoside – 2.11 mg/g); Geranium pratense L. – 11 compounds (geranium is predominant – 12.10 mg/g, trigalloyl glucose (isomer 1) – 4.21 mg/g, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside – 1.64 mg/g); Geranium wlassovianum Fischer. -15 (geraniin – 5.26 mg/g, epicatechin – 2.53 mg/g, ellagic acid – 3.27 mg/g, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside – 1.85 mg/g predominate). By spectrophotometry, the amount of tannins in terms of gallic acid in these species ranges from 2.98 to 3.71%, the amount of flavonoids in terms of rutin ranges from 2.87 to 3.92%. The maximum content of the sum of tannins and flavonoids is observed during the flowering period. The threshold prognostic level of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity for derivatives of gallic acid, ellagic acid and flavonoids was determined by the Pass method, hemostatic activity was predicted only for flavonoid compounds.

Angioprotective collection includes raw materials: Aesculi hippocastani semina, Calendulae officinalis flores, Aroniae melanocarpae sicco fructus, Bupleuri multilervis herba, Filipendulae ulmariae flores, Fragariae vescae folia. In terms of the content of biologically active substances (BAS), the raw materials of the collection components met the requirements of regulatory documents. The purpose of the study was to determine the quantitative content in the collection of BAS, which are the main contribution to the development of angioprotective action. The task of the study was to determine the content of BAS of a phenolic nature, amino acids, ascorbic acid, carotenoids, saponins, elements. The quantitative content of flavonoids was determined by spectrophotometric method in the differential version, the analytical wavelength 415 nm was determined, the percentage content of flavonoids in terms of rutin was calculated. The total flavonoid content was 3.28–4.94%. The content of phenylpropanoids (3.32–3.67%), tannins (4.36–5.12%), anthocyanins (0.54–0.80%), triterpene saponins (0.95–1.08%), amino acids (6.24–6.42%), carotenoids (0.08–0.09%) was determined spectrophotometrically; by titrimetric methods – ascorbic acid (0.30–0.38%), organic acids (1.75–1.90%). 8 macronutrients (calcium 10800 mg/kg, potassium 24000 mg/kg, magnesium 3600 mg/kg), 20 micronutrients (manganese 53 mg/kg, zinc 2 mg/kg, selenium 0.13 mg/kg) were identified. The standards for the content of flavonoids in the collection are not less than 3.0%, the sum of phenylpropanoids is not less than 2.5%, total ash is not more than 11%, ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid is not more than 3.5%. The established parameters determine the quality of collection of angioprotective action.

Aim – study of the fatty acid composition of the aerial parts of L. deminutus. Material and methods. The objects of the study were samples of the aerial parts of L. deminutus harvested on the territory of the Irkutsk region during the mass flowering period (July 2021). The analysis of the fatty acid composition of raw materials of L. deminutus was carried out by Gas chromatography/Mass spectrometry (GC/MS) on the Agilent Technologies 5973/6890N MSD/DS device in 3 repetitions. The relative content of each fatty acid was determined as a percentage by weight of the total amount of fatty acids in the plant raw material (internal normalization method). The absolute content of fatty acids was calculated by the internal standard method. Results. The component composition of the fatty acids of the aerial parts of L. deminutus was studied, 14 compounds were identified, of which 8 saturated fatty acids (5.10±0.12 mg/g) and 6 unsaturated fatty acids (13.41±0.25 mg/g). Palmitic acid (3.41±0.07 mg/g) and stearic acid (0.88±0.02 mg/g) prevail among saturated fatty acids. The dominant compounds among unsaturated fatty acids are linoleic (7.78±0.14 mg/g), α-linolenic (2.21±0.04 mg/g) and oleic (2.19±0.04 mg/g) acids. Conclusion. The qualitative composition of fatty acids in the aerial parts of L. deminutus has been studied for the first time, their quantitative content has been established. L. deminutus is promising for use in medical practice and can be recommended as an additional source of linoleic and α-linolenic acids essential for humans.

In the Siberian region, the genus Leonurus is represented by 7 species, in the territory of the Irkutsk region Leonurus deminutus V. Krecz. is widespread. This plant is used in folk medicine in the form of infusion, tincture, juice for anxiety disorders, irritability, insomnia, hypertension and is promising for introduction into pharmaceutical practice. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to study the composition and content of the main biologically active substances (flavonoids, phenylpropanoids and iridoids) of the aerial part of L. deminutus. HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS method was used for the analysis. According to the results of the study, the presence of 20 phenolic compounds in the aerial organs of L. deminutus was determined, of which 11 substances were isolated and identified for the first time: 4-O-Caffeoylquinic acid, 5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid, caffeoylmalic acid (isomer 9), rutin, nicotiflorin, isoquercitrin, leonosides A and B, astragalin, apigenin-5-O-glucoside, genkwanin-5-O-glucoside. The quantitative determination of the established phenolic compounds was carried out by the MC-HPLC-UV method. It was found that in the aerial part of L. deminutus contains amounts of flavonoids in the amount of 13.76 mg/g and phenylpropanoids 75.4 mk/g. The analysis of the iridoid profile of L. deminutus was carried out using the HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS method. For the first time, the following iridoids were discovered and established for the aerial part of L. deminutus: harpagid, the isomer of ayugol, 8-acetylgarpagid and ayugoside. According to the literature, these substances are characteristic of other representatives of the genus Leonurus, which was confirmed by us by comparative analysis of alcohol extracts of L. deminutus and L. cardiaca by TLC.

Статья посвящена исследованию элементного состава в надземной части пустырника уменьшенного ( Leonurus deminutus V. Kreсz.), наиболее распространенного на территории Центральной Сибири. Данный вид относится к растениям народной медицины, используется в качестве седативного и гипотензивного средства в виде настоев, настоек и свежего сока. Цель работы: изучить элементный состав надземной части L. deminutus флоры Центральной Сибири. Материалы и методы. Объект исследования - надземные органы L. deminutus , заготовленные в период цветения в 2020 г. в Иркутской области. Для изучения состава элементов использовали метод масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно-связанной плазмой (ICP-MS) с помощью квадрупольного масс-спектрометра «Agilent 7500 ce». Результаты. В надземных органах L. deminutus было обнаружено 72 элемента, 9 из которых относятся к группе макроэлементов (Al, K, C, Si, Mg, Na, S, P, Сl), остальные к группе микро- и ультрамикроэлементов (наибольшую ценность представляют Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, V, Cr). Содержание тяжелых металлов и мышьяка соответствует допустимым нормам, регламентируемым Государственной Фармакопеей Российской Федерации XIV. Заключение. Впервые исследован состав элементов в надземных органах L. deminutus . Полученные данные свидетельствуют о перспективности применения исследуемого вида в качестве резервного источника минералов.