Tetiana Dmytryshyn

Aim: To evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of commonly used endodontic irrigation solutions against bacterial and fungal isolates recovered from infected root canals in patients with apical periodontitis, in order to determine their relative effectiveness against clinically relevant endodontic microorganisms. Materials and Methods: The strains of opportunistic microorganisms representing the optionally anaerobic transient microflora of the oral cavity were used in the study. 11 chemical solutions used to eliminate microorganisms in the root canal, were applied in the microbiological study. Microbial cultures were isolated from the infected root canal and identified on the basis of morphological, cultural properties and such biochemical microtests as “STAPHYtest 16”, “STREPTOtest 16” (Lachema, Czech Republic) and test systems VITEK 2 GP and VITEK 2 YST (biomerieux, France) using VITEK 2 Compact analyzer. Results: Comparing the effect of irrigation solutions on S.aureus MSSA bacteria, such irrigant as Chlorhexedin 2% (Endohex) provided the most positive result Hypochlorite 5.25% (Cerkamed) provided a positive effect on C.ablicans as well constituting 88.82±1.65 in comparison with Chlorhexedine 2% (29.22±0). Citric acid 40% (Cerkamed) was the best to eliminated S.gordonii (27.28±0.35). However, Maleic acid 6% showed the least effect on it (6.55±0.45). Hypochlorite 5.25% (Cerkamed), Hypochlorite 6% Chloran showed the best influence on the Candida group, while Citric acid 40% showed the lowest influence. Conclusions: The conducted microbiological studies showed a diverse effect of irrigation solutions on groups of different microorganisms causing periodontitis. The obtained results provide an opportunity to select differentially irrigation solutions for the elimination of microorganisms detected in the root canals. A positive result of the elimination of irrigation solutions on microorganisms causing periodontitis is observed.

Introduction. The growing psycho-emotional burden globally and in Ukraine, combined with the rapid advancement of implant-supported rehabilitation, requires a deeper understanding of how a patient’s psycho-emotional status influences bruxism in individuals with partial edentulism scheduled for implant treatment. Objective. To determine the relationships between resilience, state anxiety, and trait anxiety in patients with bruxism requiring prosthetic rehabilitation for partial tooth loss using implant-supported restorations. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted at the Department of Postgraduate Dentistry of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University. Two groups were enrolled: Group I (main group) comprised 43 patients with clinical signs of bruxism and partial tooth loss scheduled for implant rehabilitation; Group II (control group) included 11 orally and systemically healthy individuals. Resilience was assessed using the 10-item Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), while trait and state anxiety levels were evaluated using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The structural relationships between psychological characteristics and signs of bruxism were analyzed using factor analysis via the principal components method. Results. Patients with “above average” and “high” resilience levels were 1.74 times fewer in the main group, while those with “low” resilience were 3.49 times more frequent compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The proportion of individuals with “high” trait anxiety increased by 2.47 times and with “high” state anxiety by 1.98 times compared to controls. Mean anxiety levels in the main group significantly exceeded those in the control group by 27.71% (trait) and 30.28% (state) (p < 0.05). According to factor analysis, the psychological factor showed the highest loadings for trait (λ = 0.94) and state (λ = 0.93) anxiety. Moderate loadings were observed for age (λ = 0.57) and resilience (λ = – 0.52). The constructed logistic regression model confirmed the high predictive value of the combined effect of elevated anxiety levels and low resilience in patients with partial tooth loss scheduled for implant rehabilitation.

Aim: To study the main differences in the intensity of growth of microbial strains of oral origin when they are cultivated in the presence of base resins that are widely used in the clinic of prosthetic dentistry.Material and methods: 3 types of base resin samples were used to evaluate the impact on the growth of microorganisms. Strains of opportunistic pathogens representing the facultative anaerobic transient microflora of the oral cavity were used for the research. Microbial cultures were isolated from the oral mucosa of the patients with removable dentures. The optical density of the culture was determined using a multi-mode photometer. Control growth of the cultures was evaluated under similar cultivation conditions in test tubes with a nutrient medium without resin samples.Results: All resins reduced the intensity of polyantibiotic-resistant S. aureus MRSA growth compared to control samples. The impact on S. epedermidis growth was different. Thus, Vertex and Вreflex reduced the growth intensity insignificantly, and Villacryl increased it to the level of 1.104 ±0.026 CU in comparison with glass constituting 1.178 ±0.033 CU. All studied resins inhibited the growth of polyantibiotic-resistant S. aureus MRSA. Villacryl resin had the least impact on the growth of S. epedermidis. Villacryl resin inhibited C. albicans growth only by 13.70%, and the other two resins inhibited it by 25% on average.Conclusions: The conducted microbiological studies showed the diverse influence of base materials on such important indicators as the optical density of cultures grown in the presence of base resins and the growth inhibition index of cultures.

Determining the optimal occlusal relationships according to the anatomical and functional features of the maxillofacial system (MFS) and subsequent adaptation till physiological functions are restored is an actual task during prosthetic treatment of patient with partial edentulous with help of fixed and removable partial denture (FPD, RPD). Purpose: to establish the effectiveness of the proposed methods of determining and fixing of the occlusal relationships based on the study of clinical indicators in patients who simultaneously use FPD and RPD for prosthetic therapy. Material and Methods. Our study included 120 patients aged 55-70 years with partial edentulous without endocrine and systemic disorders, acute forms of periodontal tissues diseases and good level of individual oral hygiene who came to the Department of Stomatology of Postgraduate Education of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University for prosthetic treatment. Prosthetic treatment was carried out with FPD, RPD using the proposed methods of forming occlusal relationships (group 1) and generally accepted methods (group 2). Each study group was divided into two subgroups: a – patients without occlusal disorders, and b – patients with occlusal disorders and vertical occlusion dimension (VOD) loss. The examination of each person included the collection of anamnesis and complaints, general dental examination, the determination of the Russell periodontal index (PI), the assessment of occlusal relationships and the condition of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) according to "Hamburg protocol". Results and conclusions. The analysis of patient’s complaints and anamnesis, the data of the objective dental examination, and assessment of the periodontal tissue condition established the effectiveness of the proposed methods of determining and fixing occlusal relationships in patients with partial edentulous simultaneously treated with FPD and RPD. In addition, 23.3% more people of the 2a subgroup felt tension and fatigue of the masticatory muscles a week after treatment than in 1a subgroup, and 36.7% more - in the 2b subgroup than in 1b after a year of FPD and RPD use (p< 0,05). There were significantly more patients with signs of eccentric supraocclusion in the 2a subgroup a year after prosthetic treatment than in 1a (30±0.09% (9) and 3.3±0.03% (1)), and with signs of centric supraocclusion in the 2b subgroup - 36.7±0.09% (11), against 10±0.06% (6) in 1b (p <0.05). Also, there was observed a positive effect of proposed method of determining and fixing of the occlusal relationships during prosthetic treatment on TMJ a year after prosthetic treatment with FPD and RPD. There were 16.7% and 13.3% fewer people in 1a and 1b subgroups with one positive symptom of the “Hamburg protocol” and 6.7% and 40% fewer persons with two positive symptoms, compared to the data received before treatment. There was an increase by 13.3% of number of patients with one positive symptom according to “Hamburg protocol” in the 2a subgroup and by 10% of persons with two symptoms. It was determined a decrease of patients with two positive symptoms according to “Hamburg protocol” in 2b subgroup by 10% after one year. An improvement of periodontal tissues condition of abutment teeth was evaluated by PI assessment after a year of observation of patients. It was established that the average value of PI in subgroup 1b was significantly lower by 57.6% than in subgroup 2b, and it was lower in subgroup 1a by 39.3% than in patients of subgroup 2a (р<0,05).

Short clinical crowns of teeth significantly complicate the qualitative restoration of functional and aesthetic indicators of the dentofacial system. Often, therapeutic, orthopedic treatment of patients with low clinical crowns becomes impossible without prior surgical correction. This study was aimed to analyze domestic and foreign literary sources to identify the main problems associated with low clinical crowns of teeth and modern approaches to solving them. Results. It was analyzed that the causes of short clinical crowns include eruption anomalies, occlusal disorders, diseases of hard dental tissues (caries and its complications, especially in the case of subgingival defects of the tooth crown, non-carious lesions), injuries (tooth fracture, abrasion), iatrogenic effects during dental interventions (reduction of a superfluous tooth, creation of wide endodontic access). A short clinical crown makes it impossible to have a high-quality fixation of the orthopedic structure and causes a violation of the occlusal curve and aesthetic parameters - the relief of the gum line. Preserving the dental crown, a fundamental aspect of prosthetics, depends on tooth preparation, choice of cement, and crown-tooth contact. For high-quality dental restoration, the placement of the tooth in the dental arch, its strategic importance, the state of the periodontium, the ratio of the crown to the root, the state of occlusion, the feasibility of endodontic treatment, and aesthetics are assessed. A thorough examination includes a clinical examination, assessment of the periodontal biotype, radiographic examination, and analysis of the diagnostic impression with the condition of further visualization of the desired treatment result. In each case, the problem of apical displacement of the gingival margin arises, which can be both within the soft tissues and with the capture of hard ones - removal/alignment of the edge of the bone walls or simultaneous interventions. Important factors are the "biological width" of the dentogingival junction, the level of gingival keratinization, and the height of the clinical crown when deciding on the type and depth of intervention. Today, surgical lengthening of the tooth crown is used as a guided preparation of soft and hard tissues to expose a greater height of the tooth structure. Among modern techniques, a diode laser and piezosurgery are considered, characterized by minimally traumatic surgical interventions and rapid healing. Conclusions. The literature review demonstrates the relevance of the issues and possibilities of modern methods of surgical correction in the case of a short clinical crown of the tooth. Scientists focus on the prevalence of such clinical conditions of the teeth and consider the anatomical, functional, and aesthetic characteristics of dental treatment. However, the issues of a differentiated approach in the case of choosing a method of implementation - gingivectomy/resection of soft and hard tissues around the tooth, as well as individualized methods of their implementation, taking into account effective methods of postoperative healing in order to prevent soft tissue recession, remain insufficiently studied.

The prevalence of periodontal diseases is extremely high, and in recent decades its significant increase in young people has been noted, and a more aggressive course of periodontal diseases has been identified. The development and progression of periodontal disease and caries in younger individuals exhibit distinctive peculiarities. Today, special attention is paid to the condition of microbiocenosis in the oral cavity, which can be both a consequence of various diseases and a contributing factor in the exacerbation and aggravation of dental diseases such as caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, stomatitis and others. The oral microflora is a highly sensitive indicator system that responds with qualitative and quantitative shifts to changes in the state of various organs and systems of the body, and requires further study. The control of dental plaque also serves to reduce gingivitis, which, in turn, helps to prevent the development of periodontitis in later life. Good oral hygiene, primarily through effective tooth brushing, reduces plaque and is crucial for the prevention of caries. Good oral hygiene habits, formed at an early age, thus help to lay the foundation for maintaining dental health. Oral hygiene with antimicrobial and remineralizing agents, in addition to the mechanical plaque removal, could be used to treat and prevent dental diseases.

У статті представлено огляд літературних даних щодо аналізу різноманітних методів підготовки зв’язкового апарату опорного зуба до ортопедичного лікування за допомогою різних методик ретракції. Описано переваги та недоліки сучасних ретракційних систем. Проаналізовано критерії вибору методу підготовки зв’язкового апарату опорного зуба при певній клінічній ситуації. Аналізуючи українські та зарубіжні наукові публікації, які стосуються проблеми коректної ретракції ясен, варто зазначити, що важливим є диференційований підхід до вибору ретракційної системи. Варіативність методик дає змогу підібрати найбільш адекватну підготовку зубоясенної боріздки для кожного клінічного випадку. Ефективне ортопедичне лікування залежить від правильної підготовки зубоясенноїборозни опорного зуба. Для того щоб досягнути контрольованого результату заміщення дефектів зубних рядів незнімними ортопедичними конструкціями, потрібно враховувати клінічні особливості стану зв’язкового апарату зуба. Можна зробити висновок, що прогнозоване ортопедичне лікування прямо пропорційно залежить від правильно виконаного методу ретракції. Підбір ретракційної системи повинен відповідати певним критеріям та враховувати індивідуальні особливості зв’язкового апарату опорного зуба кожного пацієнта.

Резюме. Мета. Провести огляд вітчизняних та закордонних літературних джерел для встановлення сучасних результатів досліджень про вплив вагітності на виникненням або погіршенням перебігу захворювань пародонту у асоціації з несприятливими акушерськими та перинатальними наслідками. Результати дослідження. Огляд продемонстрував високу частоту виникнення у вагітних жінок гінгівіту (60 % – 75 %) та пародонтиту (5 % до 20 %). Висока поширеність захворювань пародонту під час вагітності пов′язана із підвищеною концентрацією статевих гормонів (естрогенів та прогестерону) за рахунок потенційних механізмів дії цих гормонів включаючи дисфункцію імунної відповіді матері, зміну під′ясневої мікробіоти та зміну кісткового метаболізму, безпосередньо пов’язаного з пародонтом, порушення цілісності клітин періодонтальної зв’язки. Дослідження показали, що пародонтит збільшує ймовірність несприятливих наслідків вагітності таких як передчасні пологи, прееклампсія, гестаційний діабет, низька вага дітей при народженні. Пародонтальні бактерії викликають інфекційний процес в плаценті, амніоні та спричинюють утробне інфікування плода. Запалення ініціює імунну відповідь у материнсько-плодовому комплексі з активацією прозапальних цитокінів, простагландинів з розвитком ендотеліальної дисфункції, яка є основним чинником розвитку акушерської патології. Більшість дослідників доводять, що лікування пародонтиту у вагітних знижує ризик гестаційних ускладнень. Актуальним залишається проведення подальших досліджень для розширення знань про патофізіологічні механізми захворювань пародонту під час вагітності та зв’язку з розвитком акушерських та перинатальних ускладнень, а також для пошуку найефективнішої терапії для лікування пародонтиту у вагітних. Резюме. Мета. Провести огляд вітчизняних та закордонних літературних джерел для встановлення сучасних результатів досліджень про вплив вагітності на виникненням або погіршенням перебігу захворювань пародонту у асоціації з несприятливими акушерськими та перинатальними наслідками. Результати дослідження. Огляд продемонстрував високу частоту виникнення у вагітних жінок гінгівіту (60 % – 75 %) та пародонтиту (5 % до 20 %). Висока поширеність захворювань пародонту під час вагітності пов′язана із підвищеною концентрацією статевих гормонів (естрогенів та прогестерону) за рахунок потенційних механізмів дії цих гормонів включаючи дисфункцію імунної відповіді матері, зміну під′ясневої мікробіоти та зміну кісткового метаболізму, безпосередньо пов’язаного з пародонтом, порушення цілісності клітин періодонтальної зв’язки. Дослідження показали, що пародонтит збільшує ймовірність несприятливих наслідків вагітності таких як передчасні пологи, прееклампсія, гестаційний діабет, низька вага дітей при народженні. Пародонтальні бактерії викликають інфекційний процес в плаценті, амніоні та спричинюють утробне інфікування плода. Запалення ініціює імунну відповідь у материнсько-плодовому комплексі з активацією прозапальних цитокінів, простагландинів з розвитком ендотеліальної дисфункції, яка є основним чинником розвитку акушерської патології. Більшість дослідників доводять, що лікування пародонтиту у вагітних знижує ризик гестаційних ускладнень. Актуальним залишається проведення...

In the dental market of adhesive agents for fixing removable prostheses there are different forms of release: pastes, creams, gels, films, powders of different composition and different manufacturers. In most cases, the choice of one or another means is determined by the patient's own opinion. However, there are researches that indicate a violation of the microflora and the deterioration of the hygienic condition of the oral cavity, the occurrence and development of prosthetic stomatitis in people who use adhesive agents to improve the fixation of removable prostheses. Therefore, in our opinion, it is important to develop recommendations for dentists on the choice of adhesives in accordance with the clinical, cytological and microbiological profiles of the tissues of the prosthetic bed of patients. Aim. Study the characteristic features of the prosthetic bed mucosa (PBM) according to the results of its cytological identification in persons using different adhesive agents, and on the basis of the obtained results to recommend the criteria for their selection. Materials and methods. In the clinic of the Department of Dentistry of Postgraduate Education of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, 106 smear were obtained from 98 patients who used CRLD for 2-3 years. Among them, 72 people used adhesive pastes to improve fixation (group II): «Corega» adhesive paste was used by 30 people (ІІa); «Lakalut» 20 (ІІb) and «Protefix» 22 people (ІІc). The third group consisted of 26 patients who used complete removable laminar dentures (CRLD) without the use of adhesive agents. In addition, 15 people with intact dentitions without dental and general somatic pathology were examined, in which 30 smear-impressions from the mucous membrane of the upper and lower jaws (group I) were obtained. Cytological research was performed in the Educational and Scientific Laboratory of Morphological Analysis of IFNMU. Impression smear-impressions stained with «Leikodyf» reagent (manufactured by «Erba Lachema» (Czech Republic)) and hematoxylin and eosin were examined using a Micros Austria MC 300 light microscope at x200 and x400 magnification and photographed with a Toup Cam 5.1 M UHCCD C- Mount Sony with Toup Tek Photonics AMA075 adapter using Toup View 3.7 software. Results. In the examination of the PBM in patients of these groups it was found that in group II (22) 30.6% had first-made CRLD, and remade - 69.4% (50). In the third group, 30.8% (8) people used CRLD made for the first time, and 69.2% (18) repeatedly. The use of adhesive agents to improve the fixation of CRLD reduces the intensity of the processes of regenerative-plastic insufficiency and polymorphic cell infiltration. Revealed by the predominance of ortho- and parakeratosis in persons who did not use adhesive agents to improve the fixation of the first manufactured CRLD; the phenomenon of increased desquamation of epithelial cells, the presence of cells of other layers of the epithelium in persons who used CRLD made repeatedly. In the smears of patients using «Protefix» and «Lakalut» pastes, a decrease in the intensity of keratinization of epitheliocytes was observed, compared with groups I, IIa, III. In the smears of persons who used the adhesive agents «Corega» noted moderate intensity of keratinization of epitheliocytes, anisocytosis, anisocariasis, pyknosis of the nucleus. Conclusions. According to the results of cytological identification, adhesive agents «Protefix» and «Lakalut» can be recommended for primary orthopedic treatment and «Corega» for complex clinical conditions in repeated orthopedic treatment of CRLD. In the dental market of adhesive agents for fixing removable prostheses there are different forms of release: pastes, creams, gels, films, powders of different composition and different manufacturers. In most cases, the choice of one or another means is determined by the patient's own opinion. However, there are researches that indicate a violation of the microflora and the deterioration of the hygienic condition of the oral cavity, the occurrence and development of prosthetic stomatitis in people who use adhesive agents to improve the fixation of removable prostheses. Therefore, in our opinion, it is important to develop recommendations for dentists on the choice of adhesives in accordance with the clinical, cytological and microbiological profiles of the tissues of the prosthetic bed of patients. Aim. Study the characteristic features of the prosthetic bed mucosa (PBM) according to the results of its cytological identification in persons using different adhesive agents, and on the basis of the obtained results to recommend the criteria for their selection. Materials and methods. In the clinic of the Department of Dentistry of Postgraduate Education of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, 106 smear were obtained from 98 patients who used CRLD for 2-3 years. Among them, 72 people used adhesive pastes to improve fixation (group II): «Corega» adhesive paste was used by 30 people (ІІa); «Lakalut» 20 (ІІb) and «Protefix» 22 people (ІІc). The third group consisted of 26 patients who used complete removable laminar dentures (CRLD) without the use of adhesive agents. In addition, 15 people with intact dentitions without dental and general somatic pathology were examined, in which 30 smear-impressions from the mucous membrane of the upper and lower jaws (group I) were obtained. Cytological research was performed in the Educational and Scientific Laboratory of Morphological Analysis of IFNMU. Impression smear-impressions stained with «Leikodyf» reagent (manufactured by «Erba Lachema» (Czech Republic)) and hematoxylin and eosin were examined using a Micros Austria MC 300 light microscope at x200 and x400 magnification and photographed with a Toup Cam 5.1 M UHCCD C- Mount Sony with Toup Tek Photonics AMA075 adapter using Toup View 3.7 software. Results. In the examination of the PBM in...

Нещодавно стоматологічна спільнота України та Івано-Франківський національний медичний університет, зокрема, радо вітали ректора Миколу Михайловича Рожка з обранням членом-кореспондентом НАМН України. Те, що часом здається мрією, може стати реальністю. Праця, наполегливість,поступ вперед, бажання та можливість дати дорогу плеяді молодих науковців — ось шлях до високого визнання, який підкорив Микола Михайлович.