Dmitry Koblov

Infraorbital anesthesia is a key method of conduction anesthesia in the maxilla. However, the classic manual technique demonstrates limited efficacy and a high complication risk of up to 25 %, due to the anatomical variability of the infraorbital foramen (IFO) and the lack of a personalized approach. Study objective: To compare the clinical effectiveness of traditional manual technique and an optimized approach to conduction anesthesia in the infraorbital foramen during maxillary cystectomy based on digital preoperative planning and the use of a personalized navigation template. Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial included 40 patients (25–45 years old) with chronic apical periodontitis (K04.5) requiring cystectomy. In the study group (n = 20), anesthesia and surgery were performed using a customized navigation template designed using digital and additive technologies. In the control group (n = 20), cystectomy was performed using a classic manual infraorbital block using anatomical landmarks. The onset of anesthesia (in seconds), the volume of anesthetic administered, and the incidence and pattern of complications were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using StatTech v. 4.12.5. Results and Discussion. Using a template reduced the onset of anesthesia by 1.7 times and the volume of anesthetic by 2.3 times. Men required 2.4 times more anesthetic than women (p < 0.05). The complication rate decreased from 25 % in the control group to 5 % in the study group. The needle insertion angle using the template coincided with the direction of the root apices in 97 % of cases, allowing the use of the anesthesia navigation window and the upper edge of the navigation stand as incision guides during cystectomy. Conclusion. A digital protocol for planning and 3D-printing a custom navigation template for infraorbital anesthesia significantly improves the efficacy, safety, and reproducibility of anesthesia, reducing the onset time, anesthetic volume, and complication rate. This justifies its implementation in clinical practice for elective maxillary surgeries.

In modern dental practice, adhesive pastes and films are used to treat inflammatory diseases of the periodontium and oral mucosa. They are made on the basis of adhesive pharmacological substances that differ in chemical composition, mechanism of action on the oral microbiome, mechanism of delivery of medicinal substances deep into the tissues, as well as temporary effect on tissues due to varying degrees of adhesion to the oral mucosa and periodontal tissues. The relevance of the problem lies in the need to develop modern domestic pharmacological substances that have the ability to create a barrier effect with prolonged release of drugs in periodontal diseases and oral mucosa, when there is a need to seal a mucosal defect (aphthae, erosion, ulcers) or close periodontal pockets to prevent the penetration of microflora and create obstacles to the effects of temperature, mechanical and chemical irritants and enhance the medicinal regenerative effect, as well as create the possibility of outflow of the exudative component from the wound surface, in traumatic and infectious-inflammatory processes on the oral mucosa. In practical dentistry, Solcoseryl dental adhesive paste was used for about 10 years, which disappeared from the sales market in the Russian Federation for more than 3—5 years. Domestic manufacturers are trying to produce analogs of this paste with different pharmacological effects. In this publication, based on the analysis of domestic and foreign sources, it is proposed to examine in detail the pharmacological composition and compare such drugs as Solcoseryl dental adhesive paste (Legacy Pharmaceuticals, Switzerland), Asepta adhesive balm for gums (Vertex, Russia), President Professional Adhesium adhesive balm for gums (President, Italy). And also to conduct a comparative analysis of adhesive pastes and films to determine the need to create new adhesive drugs in dentistry with more advanced and practically significant properties.

Subject. In the context of the global trend towards population aging, improving the quality of life of gerontological patients is becoming a critical task, which intensifies competition for technological leadership in the development of implants as the basis for treating oral diseases. Ceramic dental implants based on zirconium dioxide are a modern alternative to traditional titanium analogues, possessing high biocompatibility, as well as excellent aesthetic properties due to their white color and corrosion resistance. This review presents an analysis of the key factors determining the dynamics of the global ceramic implants market, as well as trends in technological leadership in various regions, including the Russian Federation. The main growth drivers, market opportunities, and existing limitations are considered. Quantitative market assessments, its segmentation and regional analysis are provided, and a list of leading leading companies is presented. Objectives. To analyze scientific publications on the global dental ceramic implants market to identify growth factors, barriers and promising areas of technological development of ceramic dental implants. Methodology. A search and analysis of publications and economic reports in scientometric databases (Scopus, PubMed, eLIBRARY) was conducted on issues dedicated to global market trends and the evolution of dental implant technologies and new materials devoid of the disadvantages of titanium. Results. The global ceramic implant market is expected to reach a value of $15.94 billion by 2029, demonstrating a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.0% in the forecast period 2022-2029. Conclusion. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the share of ceramic dental implants in Russia will be no more than 5%, since titanium analogues prevail. In connection with the current global trends, the development of new technologies for the production of dental implants in the Russian Federation, compatible with modern hybrid information and communication technologies adapted to advanced production methods, seems relevant. The Russian Federation is developing bioactive glass-ceramic implants designed to occupy their niche in the world market.

The variability of the craniometric parameters of the infraorbital foramen of the anterior surface of the body of the upper jaw is noted in a large number of scientific publications, which indicates the need for an individual approach when assessing the shape, the number of additional holes in the area of the infraorbital foramen, the location of this anatomical formation of the facial skeleton in relation to the lower edge of the orbit, and the bones of the cavity nose and alveolar process, and many scientific researchers note that the location of the infraorbital foramen on the right and left sides differs in level, there are often different shapes of the infraorbital foramen and additional canals are also found either on the right or on the left side and their shape also differs from each other from a friend. All this affects the effectiveness of local conduction anesthesia in the area of the infraorbital foramen, so digital and radiological assessment using cone beam computed tomography will help ensure the accuracy and safety of this type of conduction anesthesia.