Sabine Berteina-Raboin

A combined Suzuki-type palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling and Groebke–Blackburn–Bienaymé (GBB) multicomponent strategy enabled the synthesis of novel 5-[3-amino-imidazo[1,2- a ]pyridin-6-yl]pyridin-2-ones and 3,5-disubstituted pyridin-2-ones.

This review examines the bioactive compounds of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), with a particular focus on metabolites and antimicrobial peptides exhibiting antimicrobial activity. The chemical composition, biological properties, and mechanisms of action of the major ginger-derived compounds are discussed, with emphasis on their antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antibiofilm potential. Particular attention is given to their antimicrobial spectrum and to potential synergistic interactions with other natural bioactive compounds that may enhance their efficacy against pathogenic microorganisms. Despite their promising therapeutic properties, the application of ginger-derived molecules against skin-associated pathogens remains challenging due to their limited stability, poor bioavailability, and the protective effects of microbial biofilms, which reduce treatment effectiveness and contribute to persistent infections. Current strategies designed to overcome these limitations, including chemical modification, liposomes, nanoemulsions, and hydrogel-based delivery systems, are reviewed. In addition, this review highlights the potential of microalgae-based encapsulation systems as innovative and sustainable platforms for the delivery of ginger bioactives. Owing to their diverse biochemical composition and structural characteristics, microalgae represent a promising source of natural biomaterials for the development of diverse encapsulation strategies. These emerging systems may potentially improve the stability, controlled release, bioavailability, and antibiofilm efficacy of ginger-derived compounds, supporting the development of novel formulations for the management of biofilm-associated skin infections.

Mucuna pruriens (M. pruriens) is a legume that attracts researchers for its benefits and has been used for centuries in Ayurvedic medicine. While its effectiveness has long been recognized, in-depth studies have shown that its activity is mainly due to its high levodopa (L-Dopa) content, but not exclusively. It also contains other structures that can improve its effectiveness and reduce the side effects encountered when using synthetic L-Dopa. Similarly, other molecules that selectively inhibit certain enzymes are present. Various methods of varying effectiveness have been used to extract the active ingredients, and recently, progress has been made in extraction methods. Clinical studies already exist demonstrating its therapeutic benefits, similar to those of synthetic L-Dopa, for several conditions, and showing the limitations of certain side effects such as dyskinesias. Further studies and clinical trials are still needed, but this plant could be a very good alternative in countries that do not have or no longer have access to certain drugs. This legume can be grown without difficulty in these countries, as it has the advantage of being resistant to drastic climatic conditions.

Alcohol use disorder is a psychiatric condition characterized by excessive alcohol consumption. The drugs that are used to treat it often fail to prevent relapse. At the same time, psilocybin is increasingly being investigated for the treatment of various substance use disorders. This review aims to evaluate the results of the most recent clinical trials assessing psilocybin as a treatment for alcohol use disorder. According to these trials, psilocybin seems to reduce craving but its effect on overall alcohol consumption is less clear. There is no doubt that future trials would benefit from larger sample sizes and standardized tests.

Alcohol use disorder is a psychiatric condition characterized by excessive alcohol consumption. The drugs that are used to treat it often fail to prevent relapse. At the same time, psilocybin is increasingly being investigated for the treatment of various substance use disorder. This review aims to evaluate the results of the most recent clinical trials assessing psilocybin as a treatment for alcohol use disorder. According to these trials, psilocybin seems to reduce craving but its effect on overall alcohol consumption is less clear. There is no doubt that future trials would benefit from larger sample sizes and standardized tests.

In this review, we focused on advances made over the last two decades in the field of catalysis using N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), which can be used for metallic or non-metallic catalysis. We listed the advantages of these NHCs and their modes of action in various couplings. With regard to metal catalysis, we have focused here on palladium and nickel catalysis, and then we looked at their use without transition metals. The work mentioned, in this review, only concerns research carried out under sustainable conditions, both in terms of the types of reactions and reaction conditions used (solvents, quantities, accessibility, and easy purification).

The prevalence of infectious diseases is steadily increasing. If left untreated, they can lead to more serious health problems. Antibiotics currently available on the market are facing growing resistance, prompting the development of increasingly powerful antibacterial molecules. One alternative currently under investigation is the use of antibacterial peptides, whose mechanisms of action differ from those of conventional drugs. These peptides are produced naturally by all living organisms and can also be synthesized. However, as peptide chains become longer, synthesis and purification become increasingly complex and laborious. For decades, antimicrobial peptides have been synthesized on polymer supports using automated systems. Unfortunately, longer chains tend to fold more, preventing access of reagents within the cross-linked polymer network. Recombinant production of antimicrobial peptides has been achieved in various organisms called “cell factories,” allowing for more sustainable synthesis. Recently, microalgae have emerged as a promising and sustainable alternative for the production of antimicrobial peptides. They are inexpensive, easy to cultivate, and capable of producing biologically valuable molecules, offering a potential solution to antibiotic resistance. This work reviews the current state of these “cell factories” and examines the advantages and limitations of microalgae for the future of biopharmaceutical production.

The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction was applied to 9α-hydroxyparthenolide, an important sesquiterpene component of Anvillea radiata that was extracted directly from plant material collected in Morocco. Several new spiro-isoxazolidine derivatives were generated on the B-ring of 9α-hydroxyparthenolide (α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone (1)) by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of its exocyclic double bond with various nitrones. These compounds were fully characterized by spectroscopic methods.

Herein, the synthesis of imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines, imidazo[1,2‐a]pyrazines and imidazo[1,2‐b]pyridazines by a multicomponent Groebke–Blackburn–Bienaymé reaction is described under sustainable conditions using eucalyptol as green solvent. After determining the optimum conditions for catalysis, a library of 32 compounds with activity on the central nervous system was quickly and efficiently assembled.